xpath: extract data from a node using xpath

问题

I want to extract only the sales rank (which in this case is 5)

Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #5 in Books ( See Top 100 in Books )

From web page : http://www.amazon.com/Mockingjay-Hunger-Games-Book-3/dp/0439023513/ref=tmm_hrd_title_0

So far I have gotten down to this, which selects "Amazon Best Sellers Rank:":

//li[@id='SalesRank']/b/text()

I am using PHP DOMDocument and DOMXPath.

回答1:

You can use pure XPath:

substring-before(normalize-space(/html/body//ul/li[@id="SalesRank"]/b[1]/following-sibling::text()[1])," ")

However, if your input is a bit messy you might get more reliable results by using XPath to grab the parent node's text, and then using a regex on the text to get the specific thing you want.

Demonstration of both methods using PHP with DOMDocument and DOMXPath:

// Method 1: XPath only
$xp_salesrank = 'substring-before(normalize-space(/html/body//li[@id="SalesRank"]/b[1]/following-sibling::text()[1])," ")';

// Method 2: XPath and Regex
$regex_ranktext = 'string(/html/body//li[@id="SalesRank"])';
$regex_salesrank = '/Best\s+Sellers\s+Rank:\s*(#\d+)\s+/ui';

// Test URLs
$urls = array(
    'http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0439023513',
    'http://www.amazon.com/Mockingjay-Final-Hunger-Games-ebook/dp/B003XF1XOQ/ref=tmm_kin_title_0?ie=UTF8&m=AG56TWVU5XWC2',
);

// Results
$ranks = array();
$ranks_regex = array();

foreach ($urls as $url) {
    $d = new DOMDocument();
    $d->loadHTMLFile($url);
    $xp = new DOMXPath($d);

    // Method 1: use pure xpath
    $ranks[] = $xp->evaluate($xp_salesrank);

    // Method 2: use xpath to get a section of text, then regex for more specific item
    // This method is probably more forgiving of bad HTML.
    $rank_regex = '';
    $ranktext = $xp->evaluate($regex_ranktext);
    if ($ranktext) {
        if (preg_match($regex_salesrank, $ranktext, $matches)) {
            $rank_regex = $matches[1];
        }
    }
    $ranks_regex[] = $rank_regex;

}

assert($ranks===$ranks_regex); // Both methods should be the same.
var_dump($ranks);
var_dump($ranks_regex);

The output I get is:

array(2) {
  [0]=>
  string(2) "#4"
  [1]=>
  string(2) "#3"
}
array(2) {
  [0]=>
  string(2) "#4"
  [1]=>
  string(2) "#3"
}

回答2:

Use:

substring-before(substring-after($expr, '#'), ' ')

where $expr should be substituted by your expression:

   substring-before(substring-after(//li[@id='SalesRank']/b, '#'), ' ')

Or, if the right expression that selects the text node is (as per @FrancisAvila):

/html/body//ul/li[@id="SalesRank"]/b[1]/following-sibling::text()[1]

then the above becomes:

substring-before(
   substring-after(/html/body//ul/li[@id="SalesRank"]
                  /b[1]/following-sibling::text()[1], '#'), 
   ' ')

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8922450/xpath-extract-data-from-a-node-using-xpath

标签

php

xpath

domxpath