问题
How do I ignore specific directories via RegEx with ack?
I can use the --ignore-dir option, but this does not let me specify a RegEx. I want to be able to ignore any directory, which has the words test or tests or more complicated patterns in its name.
I also tried a negative lookbehind via
ack -G '(?<!test)' pattern
but this does not work. It does not exclude the test directories.
回答1:
Use the undocumented option "--invert-file-match" (ack version on my system: 1.96):
$ ack pattern -G 'test|tests' --invert-file-match
Well, it is sort of documented:
$ ack --help|grep invert
-v, --invert-match Invert match: select non-matching lines
--invert-file-match Print/search handle files that do not match -g/-G.
It is not documented in its perldoc.
回答2:
With ack2, it seems you can't use holygeek's solution.
Here's how I'd do it using -v and -x:
ack -v -g 'test' | ack -x pattern
More generally, 'test' can be a regex for dirs to exclude
回答3:
In the interest of folks using a pre-1.96 version of ack (like me), you can use regex look around to do this. Here's an example:
ack --java 'text-pattern' -G '^((?!(test|target)).)*$'
This will search the text-pattern in all Java files recursively (from .) that DO NOT have the words test or target in their path.
回答4:
In recent versions of ack, you can use regular expressions with --ignore-dir.
From this thread:
Yes, in 2.15_01 we added:
- ack now supports --ignore-dir=match:.... Thanks, Ailin Nemui! (GitHub ticket #42)
GitHub link: https://github.com/petdance/ack2/issues/42
Sadly, I think this only supports matching the base directory name, not the full path.
For instance, you cannot match a path like ".*/docs/generated/.*" with it.
For that, see the (still open) GitHub issue 291.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8669819/ack-exclude-specific-directories-from-search-via-regex