How do I stop iteration and return an error when Iterator::map returns a Result::Err?

问题

I have a function that returns a Result:

fn find(id: &Id) -> Result<Item, ItemError> {
    // ...
}

Then another using it like this:

let parent_items: Vec<Item> = parent_ids.iter()
    .map(|id| find(id).unwrap())
    .collect();

How do I handle the case of failure inside any of the map iterations?

I know I could use flat_map and in this case the error results would be ignored:

let parent_items: Vec<Item> = parent_ids.iter()
    .flat_map(|id| find(id).into_iter())
    .collect();

Result\'s iterator has either 0 or 1 items depending on the success state, and flat_map will filter it out if it\'s 0.

However, I don\'t want to ignore errors, I want to instead make the whole code block just stop and return a new error (based on the error that came up within the map, or just forward the existing error).

How do I best handle this in Rust?

回答1:

Result implements FromIterator, so you can move the Result outside and iterators will take care of the rest (including stopping iteration if an error is found).

#[derive(Debug)]
struct Item;
type Id = String;

fn find(id: &Id) -> Result<Item, String> {
    Err(format!("Not found: {:?}", id))
}

fn main() {
    let s = |s: &str| s.to_string();
    let ids = vec![s("1"), s("2"), s("3")];

    let items: Result<Vec<_>, _> = ids.iter().map(find).collect();
    println!("Result: {:?}", items);
}

Playground

回答2:

This answer pertains to a pre-1.0 version of Rust and the required functions were removed

You can use std::result::fold function for this. It stops iterating after encountering the first Err.

An example program I just wrote:

fn main() {
  println!("{}", go([1, 2, 3]));
  println!("{}", go([1, -2, 3]));
}

fn go(v: &[int]) -> Result<Vec<int>, String> {
    std::result::fold(
        v.iter().map(|&n| is_positive(n)),
        vec![],
        |mut v, e| {
            v.push(e);
            v
        })
}

fn is_positive(n: int) -> Result<int, String> {
    if n > 0 {
        Ok(n)
    } else {
        Err(format!("{} is not positive!", n))
    }
}

Output:

Ok([1, 2, 3])
Err(-2 is not positive!)

Demo

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26368288/how-do-i-stop-iteration-and-return-an-error-when-iteratormap-returns-a-result

标签

rust

rust-result