How to use python urllib2 to send json data for login

问题

I want to use python urllib2 to simulate a login action, I use Fiddler to catch the packets and got that the login action is just an ajax request and the username and password is sent as json data, but I have no idea how to use urllib2 to send json data, help...

回答1:

import urllib2
import json
# Whatever structure you need to send goes here:
jdata = json.dumps({"username":"...", "password":"..."})
urllib2.urlopen("http://www.example.com/", jdata)

This assumes you're using HTTP POST to send a simple json object with username and password.

回答2:

For Python 3.x

Note the following

In Python 3.x the urllib and urllib2 modules have been combined. The module is named urllib. So, remember that urllib in Python 2.x and urllib in Python 3.x are DIFFERENT modules.
The POST data for urllib.request.Request in Python 3 does NOT accept a string (str) -- you have to pass a bytes object (or an iterable of bytes)

Example

pass json data with POST in Python 3.x

import urllib.request
import json

json_dict = { 'name': 'some name', 'value': 'some value' }

# convert json_dict to JSON
json_data = json.dumps(json_dict)

# convert str to bytes (ensure encoding is OK)
post_data = json_data.encode('utf-8')

# we should also say the JSON content type header
headers = {}
headers['Content-Type'] = 'application/json'

# now do the request for a url
req = urllib.request.Request(url, post_data, headers)

# send the request
res = urllib.request.urlopen(req)

# res is a file-like object
# ...

Finally note that you can ONLY send a POST request if you have SOME data to send.

If you want to do an HTTP POST without sending any data, you should send an empty dict as data.

data_dict = {}
post_data = json.dumps(data_dict).encode()

req = urllib.request.Request(url, post_data)
res = urllib.request.urlopen(req)

回答3:

You can specify data upon request:

import urllib
import urllib2

url = 'http://example.com/login'
values = YOUR_CREDENTIALS_JSON

data = urllib.urlencode(values)
req = urllib2.Request(url, data)
response = urllib2.urlopen(req)
the_page = response.read()

回答4:

You can use the 'requests' python library to achieve this:

http://docs.python-requests.org/en/latest/index.html

You will find this example:

http://docs.python-requests.org/en/latest/user/quickstart/#more-complicated-post-requests (More complicated POST requests)

>>> import requests
>>> payload = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2'}
>>> r = requests.post("http://httpbin.org/post", data=payload)

It seems python do not set good headers when you are trying to send JSON instead of urlencoded data.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4348061/how-to-use-python-urllib2-to-send-json-data-for-login

标签

python

json

urllib2