Is there a performance difference between BETWEEN and IN with MySQL or in SQL in general?

问题

I have a set of consecutive rows I want to get based upon their primary key, which is an auto-incrementing integer. Assuming that there are no holes, is there any performance between between:

SELECT * FROM `theTable` WHERE `id` IN (n, ... nk);

and:

SELECT * FROM `theTable` WHERE `id` BETWEEN n AND nk;

回答1:

BETWEEN should outperform IN in this case (but do measure and check execution plans, too!), especially as n grows and as statistics are still accurate. Let's assume:

m is the size of your table
n is the size of your range

Index can be used (`n` is tiny compared to `m`)

In theory, BETWEEN can be implemented with a single "range scan" (Oracle speak) on the primary key index, and then traverse at most n index leaf nodes. The complexity will be O(n + log m)
IN is usually implemented as a series (loop) of n "range scans" on the primary key index. With m being the size of the table, the complexity will always be O(n * log m) ... which is always worse (neglibile for very small tables m or very small ranges n)

Index cannot be used (`n` is a significant portion of `m`)

In any case, you'll get a full table scan and evaluate the predicate on each row:

BETWEEN needs to evaluate two predicates: One for the lower and one for the upper bound. The complexity is O(m)
IN needs to evaluate at most n predicates. The complexity is O(m * n) ... which is again always worse, or perhaps O(m) if the database can optimise the IN list to be a hashmap, rather than a list of predicates.

回答2:

a between b and c is a macro that expands to b <= a and a <= c.

a in (b,c,d) is a macro that expands to a=b or a=c or a=d.

Assuming your n and nk are integer, both should end up meaning the same. The between variant should be much faster because it's only two compares, versus nk - n compares for the in variant.

回答3:

I have done research for this question. I have 11M rows in my table. I have executed two queries on that:

Query 1:SELECT * FROM PLAYERS WHERE SCORE BETWEEN 10 TO 20

Query 2:SELECT * FROM PLAYERS WHERE SCORE IN (10,11,...,20)

While execution time, both queries are translated as Andomar said above.

Among both queries, Query 1 is running faster than Query 2.

To know more follow this link:

Performance of BETWEEN VS IN() in MySQL

Thank you.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3308280/is-there-a-performance-difference-between-between-and-in-with-mysql-or-in-sql-in

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