How do I send email with JavaScript without opening the mail client?

问题

I'm writing a HTML page with a registration button that should just silently send an email without opening the local mail client. Here is my HTML:

<form method="post" action="">
    <input type="text" id="email_address" name="name" placeholder="Enter your email address..." required>
    <button onclick="sendMail(); return false">Send Email</button>
</form>

... and here is my JavaScript code:

<script type="text/javascript">
  function sendMail() {
    var link = 'mailto:hello@domain.com?subject=Message from '
             +document.getElementById('email_address').value
             +'&body='+document.getElementById('email_address').value;
    window.location.href = link;
}
</script>

The code above works... but it opens the local email client. If I remove the return statement in the onclick attribute like this:

<form method="post" action="">
    <input type="text" id="email_address" name="name" placeholder="Enter your email address..." required>
    <button onclick="sendMail()">Send Email</button>
</form>

... then the email is not sent at all. Am I missing something?

Any help would be reeeally appreciated :-)

回答1:

You need a server-side support to achieve this. Basically your form should be posted (AJAX is fine as well) to the server and that server should connect via SMTP to some mail provider and send that e-mail.

Even if it was possible to send e-mails directly using JavaScript (that is from users computer), the user would still have to connect to some SMTP server (like gmail.com), provide SMTP credentials, etc. This is normally handled on the server-side (in your application), which knows these credentials.

回答2:

You cannot cause the user's browser to send email silently. That would be a horrible security problem as any website could use their system as a spam relay and/or harvest their email address.

You need to make an HTTP request to a server side process (written in the language of your choice) which sends the mail from your server.

回答3:

Directly From Client

Send an email using only JavaScript

in short: 
1. register for Mandrill to get an API key
2. load jQuery
3. use $.ajax to send an email

Like this -

function sendMail() {
    $.ajax({
      type: 'POST',
      url: 'https://mandrillapp.com/api/1.0/messages/send.json',
      data: {
        'key': 'YOUR API KEY HERE',
        'message': {
          'from_email': 'YOUR@EMAIL.HERE',
          'to': [
              {
                'email': 'RECIPIENT@EMAIL.HERE',
                'name': 'RECIPIENT NAME (OPTIONAL)',
                'type': 'to'
              }
            ],
          'autotext': 'true',
          'subject': 'YOUR SUBJECT HERE!',
          'html': 'YOUR EMAIL CONTENT HERE! YOU CAN USE HTML!'
        }
      }
     }).done(function(response) {
       console.log(response); // if you're into that sorta thing
     });
}

https://medium.com/design-startups/b53319616782

Note: Keep in mind that your API key is visible to anyone, so any malicious user may use your key to send out emails that can eat up your quota.

Indirect via Your Server - secure

To overcome the above vulnerability, you can modify your own server to send the email after session based authentication.

node.js - https://www.npmjs.org/package/node-mandrill

var mandrill = require('node-mandrill')('<your API Key>'); 

function sendEmail ( _name, _email, _subject, _message) {
    mandrill('/messages/send', {
        message: {
            to: [{email: _email , name: _name}],
            from_email: 'noreply@yourdomain.com',
            subject: _subject,
            text: _message
        }
    }, function(error, response){
        if (error) console.log( error );
        else console.log(response);
    });
}

// define your own email api which points to your server.

app.post( '/api/sendemail/', function(req, res){

    var _name = req.body.name;
    var _email = req.body.email;
    var _subject = req.body.subject;
    var _messsage = req.body.message;

    //implement your spam protection or checks. 

    sendEmail ( _name, _email, _subject, _message );

});

and then use use $.ajax on client to call your email API.

回答4:

You can't do it with client side script only... you could make an AJAX call to some server side code that will send an email...

回答5:

I think you can use smtpjs.com

回答6:

There needs to be some type of backend framework to send the email. This can be done via PHP/ASP.NET, or with the local mail client. If you want the user to see nothing, the best way is to tap into those by an AJAX call to a separate send_email file.

回答7:

You need to do it directly on a server. But a better way is using PHP. I have heard that PHP has a special code that can send e-mail directly without opening the mail client.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14268796/how-do-i-send-email-with-javascript-without-opening-the-mail-client

标签

javascript

html

html-email