Keeping the last N duplicates in pandas

问题

Given a dataframe:

>>> import pandas as pd
>>> lol = [['a', 1, 1], ['b', 1, 2], ['c', 1, 4], ['c', 2, 9], ['b', 2, 10], ['x', 2, 5], ['d', 2, 3], ['e', 3, 5], ['d', 2, 10], ['a', 3, 5]]
>>> df = pd.DataFrame(lol)

>>> df.rename(columns={0:'value', 1:'key', 2:'something'})
  value  key  something
0     a    1          1
1     b    1          2
2     c    1          4
3     c    2          9
4     b    2         10
5     x    2          5
6     d    2          3
7     e    3          5
8     d    2         10
9     a    3          5

The goal is to keep the last N rows for the unique values of the key column.

If N=1, I could simply use the .drop_duplicates() function as such:

>>> df.drop_duplicates(subset='key', keep='last')
  value  key  something
2     c    1          4
8     d    2         10
9     a    3          5

How do I keep the last 3 rows for each unique values of key?

---

I could try this for N=3:

>>> from itertools import chain
>>> unique_keys = {k:[] for k in df['key']}
>>> for idx, row in df.iterrows():
...     k = row['key']
...     unique_keys[k].append(list(row))
... 
>>>
>>> df = pd.DataFrame(list(chain(*[v[-3:] for k,v in unique_keys.items()])))
>>> df.rename(columns={0:'value', 1:'key', 2:'something'})
  value  key  something
0     a    1          1
1     b    1          2
2     c    1          4
3     x    2          5
4     d    2          3
5     d    2         10
6     e    3          5
7     a    3          5

But there must be a better way...

回答1:

Is this what you want ?

df.groupby('key').tail(3)
Out[127]: 
  value  key  something
0     a    1          1
1     b    1          2
2     c    1          4
5     x    2          5
6     d    2          3
7     e    3          5
8     d    2         10
9     a    3          5

回答2:

Does this help:

for k,v in df.groupby('key'):
    print v[-2:]

  value  key  something
1     b    1          2
2     c    1          4
  value  key  something
6     d    2          3
8     d    2         10
  value  key  something
7     e    3          5
9     a    3          5

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/46781195/keeping-the-last-n-duplicates-in-pandas