clojure — correct way to locally override operators such as “+”, “*”, etc

问题

What is the correct way to override a method like "+"? Right now I have

(defn- + [x y] (replacement x y))

but this results in warnings on the command line.

WARNING: + already refers to: #'clojure.core/+ in namespace: <MY-NAMESPACE>, being replaced by #'<MY-NAMESPACE>/+

回答1:

You need to exclude the functions that are imported by core:

 (ns your-ns
   (:refer-clojure :exclude [+ ...]))

 (defn + ...)

回答2:

Although I don't recommend overriding core functions like +, you could use binding or let for this, it depends on what behavior you want:

(let [+ -] (redu­ce + [1 2 3])) ; -4 
(defn my-pl­us [x] (redu­ce + x))
(let [+ -] (my-p­lus [1 2 3])) ;6
(binding [+ -] (my-p­lus [1 2 3])); -4

Like it has been said in the comments below, binding doesn't work this way anymore since clojure 1.3, since the var should be dynamic and +,-, etc aren't.

For testing purposes/mocking you could however get similar behaviour. In that case look at with-redefs (since clojure 1.3): http://clojuredocs.org/clojure_core/clojure.core/with-redefs

Also see: Let vs. Binding in Clojure

回答3:

Are you sure you want to do this? If yes, you could use defprotocol to specify what operators you want to override and extend the classes for which you want these overrides implemented. For a (contrived) example see my answer to this question.

回答4:

You can also override built in arithmetic using generic interfaces from contrib, see the following for a simple example,

http://nakkaya.com/2010/08/02/using-clojure-contrib-generic-interfaces/

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6489555/clojure-correct-way-to-locally-override-operators-such-as-etc