definition

Haskell: How does non-strict and lazy differ?

南楼画角 提交于 2019-12-02 14:04:07
I often read that lazy is not the same as non-strict but I find it hard to understand the difference. They seem to be used interchangeably but I understand that they have different meanings. I would appreciate some help understanding the difference. I have a few questions which are scattered about this post. I will summarize those questions at the end of this post. I have a few example snippets, I did not test them, I only presented them as concepts. I have added quotes to save you from looking them up. Maybe it will help someone later on with the same question. Non-Strict Def: A function f is

What is the difference between a heuristic and an algorithm?

半城伤御伤魂 提交于 2019-12-02 13:50:09
What is the difference between a heuristic and an algorithm? kriss An algorithm is the description of an automated solution to a problem . What the algorithm does is precisely defined. The solution could or could not be the best possible one but you know from the start what kind of result you will get. You implement the algorithm using some programming language to get (a part of) a program . Now, some problems are hard and you may not be able to get an acceptable solution in an acceptable time. In such cases you often can get a not too bad solution much faster, by applying some arbitrary

Why a structure is allowed to have “pointer to its own type” as member but not “(an array of the) structure type” itself?

孤者浪人 提交于 2019-12-02 13:50:06
问题 when i try to declare the following function typedef struct TRIE_NODE { char* word; struct TRIE_NODE node[26]; }TRIE_NODE; I get the following error: definition of 'struct TRIE_NODE' is not complete until the closing '}' However, if i declare this function with a pointer to the 26 nodes, it compiles just fine. typedef struct TRIE_NODE { char* word; struct TRIE_NODE* node[26]; }TRIE_NODE; I imagine that, since this is not an instance, it's impossible for me to get a pointer to the first of

What is machine learning? [closed]

浪尽此生 提交于 2019-12-02 13:49:53
What is machine learning ? What does machine learning code do ? When we say that the machine learns, does it modify the code of itself or it modifies history (database) which will contain the experience of code for given set of inputs? What is a machine learning ? Essentially, it is a method of teaching computers to make and improve predictions or behaviors based on some data. What is this "data"? Well, that depends entirely on the problem. It could be readings from a robot's sensors as it learns to walk, or the correct output of a program for certain input. Another way to think about machine

Circular definition in C

我的未来我决定 提交于 2019-12-02 08:44:39
问题 What I've written is: typedef enum _MyStatus { MY_STATUS_OK = 0, MY_STATUS_GENERAL_ERROR = -1, } MyStatus; typedef MyStatus (*MyCallback)(MySettings *settings); typedef struct _MySettings { MyCallback callback; } MySettings However, it wouldn't compile as when defining MyCallback it doesn't know of MySettings. If I swapped MySettings and MyCallback, it would be the other way round: MySettings wouldn't know of MyCallback. How generally is this sort of problem handled in C? Thanks! 回答1: How

Why does one have to repeat the const specifier at definition time, if declaration as const is done somewhere else?

落爺英雄遲暮 提交于 2019-12-02 06:12:52
After solving this simple issue , I had to ask : -> In the H file in a class ex a const static member is defined, e.g. : class ex { const static int my_ex; }; -> In the CPP file the value is specified ex::my_ex = 32; And then one gets the error "conflicting declarations" (as well as "does not name a type"). I understand that the definition in the CPP file is also a declaration which does create a conflict seen from the linker BUT why only about the const specifier (and type) and not the static one ? I only have to write const int ex::my_ex = 32; to get it to compile. But not static ... Why not

Git tracked, untracked, staged, indexed meaning?

*爱你&永不变心* 提交于 2019-12-02 05:48:28
Can someone clarify the meaning of these terms? Are tracked files any files that have, at some point, been added to the stage? Is the "index" the same as the "stage"? Are all staged files tracked, but the reverse is not necessarily true (namely, files that were once staged and committed, but aren't part of the current stage to be committed)? How do I know which files are tracked? How do I know which files are staged? There are three things to consider here: the current commit (known variously as HEAD or @ ), the index , and the work-tree . The index is also called the staging area and the

Why is it possible to assign recursive lambdas to non-lazy vals in Scala?

陌路散爱 提交于 2019-12-02 04:15:18
问题 In the following statement the val f is defined as a lambda that references itself (it is recursive): val f: Int => Int = (a: Int) => if (a > 10) 3 else f(a + 1) + 1 // just some simple function I've tried it in the REPL, and it compiles and executes correctly. According to the specification, this seems like an instance of illegal forward referencing: In a statement sequence s[1]...s[n] making up a block, if a simple name in s[i] refers to an entity defined by s[j] where j >= i , then for all

What is … in a method signature

折月煮酒 提交于 2019-12-02 02:53:27
I have seen it first time ... in a method signature. I tried to access a .class file. It has a method defined as below public void addGraphData(GraphData... _graphData) { } And that GraphData is nothing but POJO with getters and setters. Why is the .class file displaying GraphData... _graphData instead of GraphData _graphData ?? It's varargs and can only be used last in a parameter list. The last param can hold more than one object. public class C { int i; String[] s; public C(int i, String... s){ this.i = i; this.s=s; } } new C(4,"a","b") // will be transformed to int and String[] See how "a"

Why a structure is allowed to have “pointer to its own type” as member but not “(an array of the) structure type” itself?

痞子三分冷 提交于 2019-12-02 02:49:21
when i try to declare the following function typedef struct TRIE_NODE { char* word; struct TRIE_NODE node[26]; }TRIE_NODE; I get the following error: definition of 'struct TRIE_NODE' is not complete until the closing '}' However, if i declare this function with a pointer to the 26 nodes, it compiles just fine. typedef struct TRIE_NODE { char* word; struct TRIE_NODE* node[26]; }TRIE_NODE; I imagine that, since this is not an instance, it's impossible for me to get a pointer to the first of those 26 arrays, but if that is the problem, how is TRIE_NODE* node[26] not also a problem? Isn't this