building Python from source with zlib support

问题:

When building Python 3.2.3 from source on Ubuntu 12.04, the zlib module is not available.

I downloaded the official source distribution from python.org, and attempted to build and install it with the following commands.

tar xfa Python3.2.3.tar.bz2 cd Python-3.2.3 ./configure --prefix=/opt/python3.2 make sudo make install 

The make command output includes the following.

Python build finished, but the necessary bits to build these modules were not found: _curses            _curses_panel      _dbm             _gdbm              _sqlite3           _ssl             _tkinter           bz2                readline         zlib                                             

After running make install and starting the interpreter, the zlib module cannot be imported.

I confirmed that the zlib1g-dev package is installed on my system.

I also found this similar question, which suggests adding the --with-zlib flag to the ./configure command. However, that returns an error that it is an unrecognized option and has no effect.

回答1:

I had a similar problem on CentOS 6.3 and python 3.2.3

I solved it by:

Edit /Modules/Setup and uncomment the line:

zlib zlibmodule.c -I$(prefix)/include -L$(exec_prefix)/lib -lz 

change to directory /Modules/zlib:

./configure make sudo make install 

then compiled my python3.2 source.

and was then able to test import zlib and it all worked fine :)

回答2:

I am using CentOS 6.6 and was recieving zlib errors. None of the other answers proposed here worked for me (including the fix for CentOS 6.3 of uncommenting a line in Modules/Setup). I have fixed it using the following commands.

yum groupinstall "Development tools" yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel 

Then configuring and installing python as follows:

./configure --prefix=/usr/local LDFLAGS="-Wl,-rpath /usr/local/lib" make && make altinstall 

I can now import zlib in /usr/local/bin/python2.7 with no problems.

These instructions are slightly modified from an article found here.

回答3:

The solution is to install the Ubuntu package dpkg-dev.

sudo apt-get install dpkg-dev 

The reason is explained here.

In short, recent versions of Ubuntu don't store libz.so in the standard /usr/lib location, but rather in a platform specific location. For example, on my system is is in /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu. This prevents Python's build system from finding it.

The dpkg-dev package installs the dpkg-architecture executable, which enables Python to find the necessary libraries.

The original question was about Python 3.2.3. I also downloaded Python 2.7.3 and confirmed that the same problem exists, and this solution is applicable to it as well.

回答4:

The only solution that helped me with installing python 3.5.1 was to apt-get zlib1g-dev (and other packages such as python-setuptools and python-pip) and then rebuild python 3.5.1 from source.

sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get upgrade sudo apt-get dist-upgrade sudo apt-get install build-essential python-dev python-setuptools python-pip python-smbus sudo apt-get install build-essential libncursesw5-dev libgdbm-dev libc6-dev sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev libsqlite3-dev tk-dev sudo apt-get install libssl-dev openssl cd ~ mkdir build cd build wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.5.1/Python-3.5.1.tgz tar -zxvf Python-3.5.1.tgz cd Python-3.5.1 ./configure make sudo make install 

Taken from: https://github.com/MrYsLab/xideco/wiki/Installing-Python-3.5

As I undestand new build of python is made with inclusion of previously apt-getted related packages. So when you browse the content of new Python-3.5.1/lib/site-packages there will be pip and setuptools. More importantly, they will be copied to any virtualenv you make using Python-3.5.1 AND this virtualenv will use THEM insted of system-default. This is very, very important to rememmber when installing new python version. Otherwise one might get into a black hole of errors such as:

• zlib not installed;
• "pip install ..." executed from virtualenv that installs package to system-default python instead of virtualenv.

回答5:

I was having the same error while working on MAC

My MAC OS version

$ uname -v Darwin Kernel Version 13.4.0: Sun Aug 17 19:50:11 PDT 2014; root:xnu-2422.115.4~1/RELEASE_X86_64 

python3.4 is used here

Issue(s)

1. zlib not available while using python3.4

   $ python3.4 get-pip.py Traceback (most recent call last): File "get-pip.py", line 20204, in main() File "get-pip.py", line 152, in main bootstrap(tmpdir=tmpdir) File "get-pip.py", line 82, in bootstrap import pip zipimport.ZipImportError: can't decompress data; zlib not available

2. Rebuilding Python fails

   ./configure --with-zlib-dir=/usr/local/lib

... configure: WARNING: unrecognized options: --with-zlib-dir ...

Solution

1. Ensure zlib is installed . By default it will be installed in /usr/lib

   ls /usr/lib/libz.*

If not installed, a. download and install i)from zlib.net site or ii) from a git repo like the below

git clone https://github.com/madler/zlib.git  

or iii). Use the zlib source in the python source directory Modules/zlib

b. Install zlib

./configure --prefix=/usr/local make sudo make install  

2.Edit /Module/Setup by uncommenting the line below "#zlib zlibmodule.c -I$(prefix)/include -L$(exec_prefix)/lib -lz "

3.Rebuild the Python3.4 from source again

cd ${PYTHON_SRC_CODE_DIR}   ./configure --prefix=${PYTHON_HOME_DIR} make sudo make install  

4.Confirm installation Please note gzip depends on zlib.

nbr_repeation=100 f=open("some_file.txt","at") for line in range(nbr_repeation):      print('[{}] This file will be compressed using python zlib/gzipmodule'.format(line),file=f)  f.close() f=open("some_file.txt","rt") import gzip gz=gzip.open('some_file.gz', 'wt')  for line in f : gz.write(line)  gz.close() # Like to be clean exit f.close()  # Like a clean exit  """confirm the creation of the compressed gzip files""" import os print([ (file,os.stat(file)[6],"bytes") for file in os.listdir(".") if file.startswith("some")]) 

回答6:

sudo apt-get install build-essential python-dev 

Even though python-dev is for python2.7 it will still bring in all the necessary dependencies.

You will then need to do:

./configure make sudo make install 

To rebuild python3

回答7:

The easiest solution I found, is on python.org:

sudo apt-get build-dep python3.6 

If that package is not available for your system, try reducing the minor version until you find a package that is available in your system’s package manager.

If you see something like this: E: You must put some ‘source’ URIs in your sources.list, Open Software & Updates and enable Source code.

I tried explaining details, on a blog post.

文章来源: building Python from source with zlib support