可以将文章内容翻译成中文,广告屏蔽插件可能会导致该功能失效(如失效，请关闭广告屏蔽插件后再试):
问题:
I want to replace one random word of which are several in a string.
So let's say the string is
$str = 'I like blue, blue is my favorite colour because blue is very nice and blue is pretty';
And let's say I want to replace the word blue with red but only 2 times at random positions.
So after a function is done the output could be like
I like red, blue is my favorite colour because red is very nice and blue is pretty
Another one could be
I like blue, red is my favorite colour because blue is very nice and red is pretty
So I want to replace the same word multiple times but every time on different positions.
I thought of using preg_match but that doesn't have an option that the position of the words peing replaced is random also.
Does anybody have a clue how to achieve this?
回答1:
Much as I am loathed to use regex for something which is on the face of it very simple, in order to guarantee exactly n replaces I think it can help here, as it allows use to easily use array_rand(), which does exactly what you want - pick n random items from a list of indeterminate length (IMPROVED).
<?php function replace_n_occurences ($str, $search, $replace, $n) { // Get all occurences of $search and their offsets within the string $count = preg_match_all('/\b'.preg_quote($search, '/').'\b/', $str, $matches, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE); // Get string length information so we can account for replacement strings that are of a different length to the search string $searchLen = strlen($search); $diff = strlen($replace) - $searchLen; $offset = 0; // Loop $n random matches and replace them, if $n < 1 || $n > $count, replace all matches $toReplace = ($n < 1 || $n > $count) ? array_keys($matches[0]) : (array) array_rand($matches[0], $n); foreach ($toReplace as $match) { $str = substr($str, 0, $matches[0][$match][1] + $offset).$replace.substr($str, $matches[0][$match][1] + $searchLen + $offset); $offset += $diff; } return $str; } $str = 'I like blue, blue is my favorite colour because blue is very nice and blue is pretty'; $search = 'blue'; $replace = 'red'; $replaceCount = 2; echo replace_n_occurences($str, $search, $replace, $replaceCount);
See it working
回答2:
echo preg_replace_callback('/blue/', function($match) { return rand(0,100) > 50 ? $match[0] : 'red'; }, $str);
回答3:
Well, you could use this algorithm:
- calculate the random amount of times you want to replace the string
- explode the string into an array
- for that array replace the string occurence only if a random value between 1 and 100 is % 3 (for istance)
- Decrease the number calculated at point 1.
- Repeat until the number reaches 0.
回答4:
<?php $amount_to_replace = 2; $word_to_replace = 'blue'; $new_word = 'red'; $str = 'I like blue, blue is my favorite colour because blue is very nice and blue is pretty'; $words = explode(' ', $str); //convert string to array of words $blue_keys = array_keys($words, $word_to_replace); //get index of all $word_to_replace if(count($blue_keys) <= $amount_to_replace) { //if there are less to replace, we don't need to randomly choose. just replace them all $keys_to_replace = array_keys($blue_keys); } else { $keys_to_replace = array(); while(count($keys_to_replace) < $amount_to_replace) { //while we have more to choose $replacement_key = rand(0, count($blue_keys) -1); if(in_array($replacement_key, $keys_to_replace)) continue; //we have already chosen to replace this word, don't add it again else { $keys_to_replace[] = $replacement_key; } } } foreach($keys_to_replace as $replacement_key) { $words[$blue_keys[$replacement_key]] = $new_word; } $new_str = implode(' ', $words); //convert array of words back into string echo $new_str."\n"; ?>
N.B. I just realized this will not replace the first blue, since it is entered into the word array as "blue," and so doesn't match in the array_keys call.
翻译