MicroPython基础知识总汇

MicroPython的系统结构

MicroPython连接电脑

STM32微控制器的pyboard系列的开发板，通常都是带有的开发板，在通过USB连接计算机后，默认情况下会出现两个设备：

虚拟磁盘（MSD）
虚拟串口（USB Comm Port)

Windows系统的设备管理器中显示的pyboard设备

Windows ● 超级终端（WinXP，可以在Win7/Win10下使用） ● putty ● kitty ● SecureCRT ● MobaXterm Linux ● putty ● screen ● picocom ● minicom MacOS ● screen

注：

MicroPython v1.11 on 2019-05-29; PYBv1.1 with STM32F405RG Type "help()" for more information.

MicroPython的REPL（read-evaluate-print-loop)

>>> help() Welcome to MicroPython!  For online help please visit http://micropython.org/help/.  Quick overview of commands for the board:   pyb.info()    -- print some general information   pyb.delay(n)  -- wait for n milliseconds   pyb.millis()  -- get number of milliseconds since hard reset   pyb.Switch()  -- create a switch object                    Switch methods: (), callback(f)   pyb.LED(n)    -- create an LED object for LED n (n=1,2,3,4)                    LED methods: on(), off(), toggle(), intensity(<n>)   pyb.Pin(pin)  -- get a pin, eg pyb.Pin('X1')   pyb.Pin(pin, m, [p]) -- get a pin and configure it for IO mode m, pull mode p                    Pin methods: init(..), value([v]), high(), low()   pyb.ExtInt(pin, m, p, callback) -- create an external interrupt object   pyb.ADC(pin)  -- make an analog object from a pin                    ADC methods: read(), read_timed(buf, freq)   pyb.DAC(port) -- make a DAC object                    DAC methods: triangle(freq), write(n), write_timed(buf, freq)   pyb.RTC()     -- make an RTC object; methods: datetime([val])   pyb.rng()     -- get a 30-bit hardware random number   pyb.Servo(n)  -- create Servo object for servo n (n=1,2,3,4)                    Servo methods: calibration(..), angle([x, [t]]), speed([x, [t]])   pyb.Accel()   -- create an Accelerometer object                    Accelerometer methods: x(), y(), z(), tilt(), filtered_xyz()  Pins are numbered X1-X12, X17-X22, Y1-Y12, or by their MCU name Pin IO modes are: pyb.Pin.IN, pyb.Pin.OUT_PP, pyb.Pin.OUT_OD Pin pull modes are: pyb.Pin.PULL_NONE, pyb.Pin.PULL_UP, pyb.Pin.PULL_DOWN Additional serial bus objects: pyb.I2C(n), pyb.SPI(n), pyb.UART(n)  Control commands:   CTRL-A        -- on a blank line, enter raw REPL mode   CTRL-B        -- on a blank line, enter normal REPL mode   CTRL-C        -- interrupt a running program   CTRL-D        -- on a blank line, do a soft reset of the board   CTRL-E        -- on a blank line, enter paste mode  For further help on a specific object, type help(obj) For a list of available modules, type help('modules') >>>

>>> help(pyb) object <module 'pyb'> is of type module   __name__ -- pyb   fault_debug -- <function>   bootloader -- <function>   hard_reset -- <function>   info -- <function>   unique_id -- <function>   freq -- <function>   repl_info -- <function>   wfi -- <function>   disable_irq -- <function>   enable_irq -- <function>   stop -- <function>   standby -- <function>   main -- <function>   repl_uart -- <function>   usb_mode -- <function>   hid_mouse -- (1, 2, 4, 8, b'\x05\x01\t\x02\xa1\x01\t\x01\xa1\x00\x05\t\x19\x01)\x03\x15\x00%\x01\x95\x03u\x01\x81\x02\x95\x01u\x05\x81\x01\x05\x01\t0\t1\t8\x15\x81%\x7fu\x08\x95\x03\x81\x06\xc0\t<\x05\xff\t\x01\x15\x00%\x01u\x01\x95\x02\xb1"u\x06\x95\x01\xb1\x01\xc0')   hid_keyboard -- (1, 1, 8, 8, b'\x05\x01\t\x06\xa1\x01\x05\x07\x19\xe0)\xe7\x15\x00%\x01u\x01\x95\x08\x81\x02\x95\x01u\x08\x81\x01\x95\x05u\x01\x05\x08\x19\x01)\x05\x91\x02\x95\x01u\x03\x91\x01\x95\x06u\x08\x15\x00%e\x05\x07\x19\x00)e\x81\x00\xc0')   USB_VCP -- <class 'USB_VCP'>   USB_HID -- <class 'USB_HID'>   have_cdc -- <function>   hid -- <function>   millis -- <function>   elapsed_millis -- <function>   micros -- <function>   elapsed_micros -- <function>   delay -- <function>   udelay -- <function>   sync -- <function>   mount -- <function>   dht_readinto -- <function>   Timer -- <class 'Timer'>   rng -- <function>   RTC -- <class 'RTC'>   Pin -- <class 'Pin'>   ExtInt -- <class 'ExtInt'>   pwm -- <function>   servo -- <function>   Servo -- <class 'Servo'>   Switch -- <class 'Switch'>   Flash -- <class 'Flash'>   SD -- <SDCard>   SDCard -- <class 'SDCard'>   LED -- <class 'LED'>   I2C -- <class 'I2C'>   SPI -- <class 'SPI'>   UART -- <class 'UART'>   CAN -- <class 'CAN'>   ADC -- <class 'ADC'>   ADCAll -- <class 'ADCAll'>   DAC -- <class 'DAC'>   Accel -- <class 'Accel'>   LCD -- <class 'LCD'>

>>> help(pyb.Pin) object <class 'Pin'> is of type type   init -- <function>   value -- <function>   off -- <function>   on -- <function>   irq -- <function>   low -- <function>   high -- <function>   name -- <function>   names -- <function>   af_list -- <function>   port -- <function>   pin -- <function>   gpio -- <function>   mode -- <function>   pull -- <function>   af -- <function>   mapper -- <classmethod>   dict -- <classmethod>   debug -- <classmethod>   board -- <class 'board'>   cpu -- <class 'cpu'>   IN -- 0   OUT -- 1   OPEN_DRAIN -- 17   ALT -- 2   ALT_OPEN_DRAIN -- 18   ANALOG -- 3   PULL_UP -- 1   PULL_DOWN -- 2   IRQ_RISING -- 269549568   IRQ_FALLING -- 270598144   OUT_PP -- 1   OUT_OD -- 17   AF_PP -- 2   AF_OD -- 18   PULL_NONE -- 0   AF1_TIM1 -- 1   AF1_TIM2 -- 1   AF2_TIM3 -- 2   AF2_TIM4 -- 2   AF2_TIM5 -- 2   AF3_TIM10 -- 3   AF3_TIM11 -- 3   AF3_TIM8 -- 3   AF3_TIM9 -- 3   AF4_I2C1 -- 4   AF4_I2C2 -- 4   AF5_SPI1 -- 5   AF5_SPI2 -- 5   AF7_USART1 -- 7   AF7_USART2 -- 7   AF7_USART3 -- 7   AF8_UART4 -- 8   AF8_USART6 -- 8   AF9_CAN1 -- 9   AF9_CAN2 -- 9   AF9_TIM12 -- 9   AF9_TIM13 -- 9   AF9_TIM14 -- 9

甚至可以一级一级深入查看，如：

>>> help(pyb.Pin.board) object <class 'board'> is of type type   X1 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.A0, mode=Pin.OUT)   X2 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.A1, mode=Pin.OUT)   X3 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.A2, mode=Pin.IN)   X4 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.A3, mode=Pin.IN)   X5 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.A4, mode=Pin.IN)   X6 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.A5, mode=Pin.IN)   X7 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.A6, mode=Pin.IN)   X8 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.A7, mode=Pin.IN)   X9 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.B6, mode=Pin.OUT)   X10 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.B7, mode=Pin.IN)   X11 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.C4, mode=Pin.IN)   X12 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.C5, mode=Pin.IN)   X17 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.B3, mode=Pin.IN, pull=Pin.PULL_UP)   X18 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.C13, mode=Pin.IN)   X19 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.C0, mode=Pin.IN)   X20 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.C1, mode=Pin.IN)   X21 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.C2, mode=Pin.IN)   X22 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.C3, mode=Pin.IN)   Y1 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.C6, mode=Pin.OUT)   Y2 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.C7, mode=Pin.OUT)   Y3 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.B8, mode=Pin.IN)   Y4 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.B9, mode=Pin.IN)   Y5 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.B12, mode=Pin.IN)   Y6 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.B13, mode=Pin.IN)   Y7 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.B14, mode=Pin.IN)   Y8 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.B15, mode=Pin.IN)   Y9 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.B10, mode=Pin.IN)   Y10 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.B11, mode=Pin.IN)   Y11 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.B0, mode=Pin.IN)   Y12 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.B1, mode=Pin.IN)   SW -- Pin(Pin.cpu.B3, mode=Pin.IN, pull=Pin.PULL_UP)   LED_RED -- Pin(Pin.cpu.A13, mode=Pin.OUT)   LED_GREEN -- Pin(Pin.cpu.A14, mode=Pin.OUT)   LED_YELLOW -- Pin(Pin.cpu.A15, mode=Pin.OUT)   LED_BLUE -- Pin(Pin.cpu.B4, mode=Pin.OUT)   MMA_INT -- Pin(Pin.cpu.B2, mode=Pin.IN)   MMA_AVDD -- Pin(Pin.cpu.B5, mode=Pin.OUT)   SD_D0 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.C8, mode=Pin.ALT, pull=Pin.PULL_UP, af=12)   SD_D1 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.C9, mode=Pin.ALT, pull=Pin.PULL_UP, af=12)   SD_D2 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.C10, mode=Pin.ALT, pull=Pin.PULL_UP, af=12)   SD_D3 -- Pin(Pin.cpu.C11, mode=Pin.ALT, pull=Pin.PULL_UP, af=12)   SD_CMD -- Pin(Pin.cpu.D2, mode=Pin.ALT, pull=Pin.PULL_UP, af=12)   SD_CK -- Pin(Pin.cpu.C12, mode=Pin.ALT, pull=Pin.PULL_UP, af=12)   SD -- Pin(Pin.cpu.A8, mode=Pin.IN, pull=Pin.PULL_UP)   SD_SW -- Pin(Pin.cpu.A8, mode=Pin.IN, pull=Pin.PULL_UP)   USB_VBUS -- Pin(Pin.cpu.A9, mode=Pin.IN)   USB_ID -- Pin(Pin.cpu.A10, mode=Pin.ALT_OPEN_DRAIN, pull=Pin.PULL_UP, af=10)   USB_DM -- Pin(Pin.cpu.A11, mode=Pin.ALT, af=10)   USB_DP -- Pin(Pin.cpu.A12, mode=Pin.ALT, af=10) >>>

查看模块包含的变量和函数--dir()

>>> import pyb >>> import math >>> import os >>> dir() ['os', 'start1', 'run', 'x1', '__name__', 'Pin', 'flag', 'Timer', 'x2', 'Echo', 'start', 'y1', 'left', 'back', 'y2', 'num', 'math', 'stop', 'Trig', 'stop1', 'pyb', 'go', 'right', 'machine'] >>>

>>> MicroPython v1.11 on 2019-05-29; PYBv1.0 with STM32F405RG Type "help()" for more information. >>>

● 1MB Flash和196KB SRAM ● 168MHz主频 ● RTC实时时钟 ● 51个通用GPIO ● 17个定时器 ● 多路PWM输出 ● 16路ADC输入 ● 2路DAC输出 ● 3个I2C接口 ● 4个UART接口 ● 3个SPI接口 ● 一个USB2.0全速接口 ● 2个CAN接口 ● SDIO接口 ● 硬件随机数发生器 ● 唯一ID号 ● 1.8～3.6V工作电压 pyboard的主要功能： ● 一个复位按键 ● 一个用户按键 ● 4个不同颜色的LED（其中两个带有亮度调节功能） ● MMA7660C三轴加速度传感器 ● microSD插座

LED（1-4）

SD存储卡

Power电源分配

引出的I/0口端子

来源：博客园

作者：iBoundary

链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/iBoundary/p/11493941.html

标签

MicroPython

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