Spring test with @DataJpaTest can't autowire class with @Repository (but with interface repository works!)

Question

I'm trying to understand why I can't autowire a class repository but I can autowire a interface repository in the same package for the same test. The same repository works as expected when I start the application.

First, the error:

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'com.app.person.repository.PersonRepository' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultPersonbleBeanFactory.raiseNoMatchingBeanFound(DefaultPersonbleBeanFactory.java:1493)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultPersonbleBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultPersonbleBeanFactory.java:1104)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultPersonbleBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultPersonbleBeanFactory.java:1066)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:585)
    ... 28 more

I have a very simple example. The test:

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@DataJpaTest
public class PersonRepositoryTest {

    @Autowired
    private PersonRepository personRepository; // fail...

    @Autowired
    private PersonCrudRepository personCrudRepository; // works!

    @Test
    public void findOne() {
    }
}

The repository class:

@Repository
public class PersonRepository {
    //code
}

The repository interface:

@Repository
public interface PersonCrudRepository extends CrudRepository<Person, Long> {
}

After a bad experience with this same error, I'm trying to find some detail in my configuration or test what is responsible for this problem. Another possibility is @DataJpaTest not support class repositories.

Answer 1

I think I was right about the problem. After find a post on Github and read the Spring Documentation:

@DataJpaTest can be used if you want to test JPA applications. By default it will configure an in-memory embedded database, scan for @Entity classes and configure Spring Data JPA repositories. Regular @Component beans will not be loaded into the ApplicationContext.

My PersonRepository is considered a regular @Component, because it is not a Spring Data JPA repository (the interface is). So, it is not loaded.

The alternative is use @SpringBootTest instead of @DataJpaTest.

Answer 2

Just another alternative might be @Import as shown here https://stackoverflow.com/a/41084739/384674.