问题
I have a file (config.php), that is already commited to Git repository, but I want to ignore locally, i.e. I want that file to remain in repository, but force Git to ignore any changes to it.
I put the file into .gitignore, but it is still marked as changed and Git still is attempting to commit changes to it, every time I commit something. Any idea, what am I missing or doing wrong?
回答1:
If the file is still displayed in the status, even though it is in the .gitignore, make sure it isn't already tracked.
git rm --cached config.php
If you just want to ignore it locally, you could also make it ignored by the git status:
git update-index --assume-unchanged config.php
回答2:
Ignore checked in file:
git update-index --assume-unchanged file
To revert
git update-index --no-assume-unchanged file
Revert All
git update-index --really-refresh
回答3:
If the file is already in the repository, and hence the Index/Staging area, then an update to .gitignore won't change that situation - It would keep beinging committed.
To remove the file from the Index/Staging area use git rm <file>.
回答4:
Once a file is listed in the .gitignore you cannot change it.
So you could remove the file from the list in one commit, commit changes the next, then re-add the file to the ignore list in a 3rd commit afterwards.
What I usually do is split the file into two, one that is allowed and I can change, which includes the second file if it exists, then devs can make config changes in the ignored file optionally.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7231608/how-to-ignore-files-which-are-in-repository