how can I import [.myfolder.pyfile] as [something else]?

问题

let's say I have

project
   |__ utilities
   |      |__ foo.py
   |
   |__ boost_extensions
   |      |__ myclass.cpp
   |      |__ myclass.so
   |
   |__ someotherstuff
   |      |__ bar.py      
   |
   |__ mylib.py
   |
   |__ __main__.py

Is it possible to do something like this in main.py

import .utilities.foo as Foo
# this function will pass Foo to C++ and initialize it to a global variable
initCppFunction(Foo)

I've tried this but it gives me an invalid syntax error (I'm trying to do this due to some problems with importing python modules from boost/python). Is there a way to do this?

Thanks

回答1:

Use

from .utilities import foo as Foo

回答2:

I think the problem here is that none of these folders have __init__.py in them, either the project folder nor utilities or boost_extensions or someotherstuff.

In order for Python to know that you want to be able to do imports it has to know that there's a whole grouping of code, called a package. You do that by putting __init__.py files wherever you want to formalize and tell Python "this is a bundle of related code".

https://docs.python.org/3/reference/import.html#regular-packages

EDIT

The first answer also makes a good point, that you from x.y import z as the correct syntax.

EDIT 2

Krishnan is completely right. The __init__.py files don't need to have anything in them. You can put code in them if you want, but it's not required at all.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/63061583/how-can-i-import-myfolder-pyfile-as-something-else