std::shared_ptr and initializer lists

问题

The std::shared_ptr constructor isn't behaving as I expected:

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

void func(std::vector<std::string> strings)
{
    for (auto const& string : strings)
    {
        std::cout << string << '\n';
    }
}

struct Func
{
    Func(std::vector<std::string> strings)
    {
        for (auto& string : strings)
        {
            std::cout << string << '\n';
        }
    }
};

int main(int argc, const char * argv[])
{

    func({"foo", "bar", "baz"});
    Func({"foo", "bar", "baz"});
    //auto ptr = std::make_shared<Func>({"foo", "bar", "baz"}); // won't compile.
    //auto ptr = std::make_shared<Func>{"foo", "bar", "baz"}; // nor this.
    return 0;
}

Am I doing something wrong or is the compiler? The compiler is:

$ clang++ --version Apple clang version 4.0 (tags/Apple/clang-421.0.57) (based on LLVM 3.1svn)

edit: shared_ptr instead of make_shared.

Here's the error:

make -k 
clang++ -std=c++11 -stdlib=libc++    main.cc   -o main
main.cc:28:18: error: no matching function for call to 'make_shared'
      auto ptr = std::make_shared<Func>({"foo", "bar", "baz"});
                 ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/memory:4621:1: note: candidate function not viable:
     requires 0 arguments, but 1 was provided
make_shared(_Args&& ...__args)
^
1 error generated.

回答1:

Try this:

auto ptr = std::make_shared<Func>(std::initializer_list<std::string>{"foo", "bar", "baz"});

Clang is not willing to deduce the type of {"foo", "bar", "baz"}. I'm currently not sure whether that is the way the language is supposed to work, or if we're looking at a compiler bug.

回答2:

The constructor of shared_ptr<T> takes a pointer of type T* as its argument, assumed to point to a dynamically allocated resource (or at least something that can be freed by the deleter). On the other hand, make_shared does the construction for you and takes the constructor arguments directly.

So either you say this:

std::shared_ptr<Foo> p(new Foo('a', true, Blue));

Or, much better and more efficiently:

auto p = std::make_shared<Foo>('a', true, Blue);

The latter form takes care of the allocation and construction for you, and in the process creates a more efficient implementation.

You could of course also say make_shared<Foo>(Foo('a', true, Blue)), but that would just create an unnecessary copy (which may be elided), and more importantly it creates needless redundancy. [Edit] For initializing your vector, this may be the best method:

auto p = std::make_shared<Func>(std::vector<std::string>({"a", "b", "c"}));

The important point is, though, that make_shared performs the dynamic allocation for you, while the shared-ptr constructor does not, and instead takes ownership.

回答3:

You need to use make_shared if you want to create a new object, constructed from those arguments, pointed to by a shared_ptr. shared_ptr<T> is like a pointer to T- it needs to be constructed with a pointer to T, not a T.

Edit: Perfect forwarding is in fact not at all perfect when initializer lists are involved (which is the suck). It's not a bug in the compiler. You will have to create an rvalue of type Func manually.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11820981/stdshared-ptr-and-initializer-lists

标签

c++

c++11

clang

shared-ptr

initializer-list