Accessing protected member functions from test code in C++

问题

I've been racking my brain trying to think of the best way to access a protected member function from some test code in C++, here's my problem:

//in Foo.h 
Class Foo
{
protected:
    void DoSomething(Data data);
}

//in Blah.h
Class Blah
{
public:
    Foo foo;
    Data data; 
};

//in test code...
Blah blah;
blah.foo.DoSomething(blah.data); // Here's my problem!

Some possible solutions so far:

Make the test code class a friend of Foo, but this pollutes Foo with test code

Make DoSomething a public function

I've looked at creating a test wrapper for Foo, as suggested in this post, however this won't work as Blah contains the instance of Foo.

All advice/insight/opinions are most welcome!

Thanks

回答1:

Ok, since you said it is only a test code I am going to suggest something seriously hacky but would work:

struct tc : protected Foo
{
    tc(Foo *foo, Data& data)
    {
        ((tc*)foo)->DoSomething(data);
    }
};

Blah blah;
tc t(&blah.foo, blah.data);

回答2:

There is a way which is completely allowed by the Standard.

//in Foo.h 
class Foo
{
protected:
    void DoSomething(Data data);
};

//in Blah.h
class Blah
{
public:
    Foo foo;
    Data data; 
};

//in test code...
struct FooExposer : Foo {
  using Foo::DoSomething;
};

Blah blah;
(blah.foo.*&FooExposer::DoSomething)(blah.data);

Read the Hidden features of C++ entry for an explanation.

You may write a macro for your convenience (the parenthesis are there so that you can use this macro also for types that have a comma, like vector<pair<A, B>>):

#define ACCESS(A, M, N) struct N : get_a1<void A>::type { using get_a1<void A>::type::M; }

template<typename T> struct get_a1;
template<typename R, typename A1> struct get_a1<R(A1)> { typedef A1 type; };

The matter now becomes

ACCESS((Foo), DoSomething, GetDoSomething);
Blah blah;
(blah.foo.*&GetDoSomething::DoSomething)(blah.data);

回答3:

On the one hand, don't do that.

On the other hand, here's a gamble:

#define protected public
#include "foo.h"
#undef protected

8-)

But seriously, why is DoSomething() protected? Probably because calling it from external code can break something. In which case, you shouldn't be calling it from your tests.

回答4:

I've done

class Foo
{
protected:
    void DoSomething(Data data);
public:
    #ifdef TEST
    void testDoSomething(Data data);
    #endif
}

Then compile your unit tests with g++ -D TEST.

回答5:

Rather than ifdefing private to public, consider ifdefing friendship, or better yet think if that function really needs to belong to that class, maybe it would suffice to have something in a named/unnamed namespace in a cpp, and then declared in a test project.

Anyway, check this link, maybe your testing framework would provide similar functionality.

EDIT: Did you consider inheriting your test class from your real class?

回答6:

You could use inheritance with forwarding functions:

class Foo
{
protected:
    void DoSomething(Data data);
}

class test_Foo : public Foo
{
public:
    void testDoSomething(Data data)
    {
        DoSomething(data);
    }
}

回答7:

Use wrapper as follows:

// Foo.h unchanged

// Blah.h unchanged

// test code
class FooTest : public Foo { friend void test(); }; // make friends

void test()
{
    Blah blah;
    static_cast<FooTest*>(&blah.foo)->DoSomething(blah.data); // Here's no problem!    
}

回答8:

If it is strictly test code, you could do...

#define protected public
#include "Foo.h"

// test code

#undef protected

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1723977/accessing-protected-member-functions-from-test-code-in-c

标签

c++

testing

protected