How to extract a string using JavaScript Regex?

问题

I'm trying to extract a substring from a file with JavaScript Regex. Here is a slice from the file :

DATE:20091201T220000
SUMMARY:Dad's birthday

the field I want to extract is "Summary". Here is the approach:

extractSummary : function(iCalContent) {
  /*
  input : iCal file content
  return : Event summary
  */
  var arr = iCalContent.match(/^SUMMARY\:(.)*$/g);
  return(arr);
}

回答1:

You need to use the m flag:

multiline; treat beginning and end characters (^ and $) as working over multiple lines (i.e., match the beginning or end of each line (delimited by \n or \r), not only the very beginning or end of the whole input string)

Also put the * in the right place:

"DATE:20091201T220000\r\nSUMMARY:Dad's birthday".match(/^SUMMARY\:(.*)$/gm);
//------------------------------------------------------------------^    ^
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------|

回答2:

function extractSummary(iCalContent) {
  var rx = /\nSUMMARY:(.*)\n/g;
  var arr = rx.exec(iCalContent);
  return arr[1]; 
}

You need these changes:

Put the * inside the parenthesis as suggested above. Otherwise your matching group will contain only one character.
Get rid of the ^ and $. With the global option they match on start and end of the full string, rather than on start and end of lines. Match on explicit newlines instead.
I suppose you want the matching group (what's inside the parenthesis) rather than the full array? arr[0] is the full match ("\nSUMMARY:...") and the next indexes contain the group matches.
String.match(regexp) is supposed to return an array with the matches. In my browser it doesn't (Safari on Mac returns only the full match, not the groups), but Regexp.exec(string) works.

回答3:

Your regular expression most likely wants to be

/\nSUMMARY:(.*)$/g

A helpful little trick I like to use is to default assign on match with an array.

var arr = iCalContent.match(/\nSUMMARY:(.*)$/g) || [""]; //could also use null for empty value
return arr[0];

This way you don't get annoying type errors when you go to use arr

回答4:

(.*) instead of (.)* would be a start. The latter will only capture the last character on the line.

Also, no need to escape the :.

回答5:

this is how you can parse iCal files with javascript

    function calParse(str) {

        function parse() {
            var obj = {};
            while(str.length) {
                var p = str.shift().split(":");
                var k = p.shift(), p = p.join();
                switch(k) {
                    case "BEGIN":
                        obj[p] = parse();
                        break;
                    case "END":
                        return obj;
                    default:
                        obj[k] = p;
                }
            }
            return obj;
        }
        str = str.replace(/\n /g, " ").split("\n");
        return parse().VCALENDAR;
    }

    example = 
    'BEGIN:VCALENDAR\n'+
    'VERSION:2.0\n'+
    'PRODID:-//hacksw/handcal//NONSGML v1.0//EN\n'+
    'BEGIN:VEVENT\n'+
    'DTSTART:19970714T170000Z\n'+
    'DTEND:19970715T035959Z\n'+
    'SUMMARY:Bastille Day Party\n'+
    'END:VEVENT\n'+
    'END:VCALENDAR\n'


    cal = calParse(example);
    alert(cal.VEVENT.SUMMARY);

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1707299/how-to-extract-a-string-using-javascript-regex

标签

javascript

regex

string

icalendar