问题
I'm trying to add Token Authentication with JWT to my .Net Core 2.0 app. I have a simple controller that returns a list of users for testing.
[Authorize]
[Route("api/[controller]")]
public class UsersController : Controller
{
...
[HttpGet]
[Route("api/Users/GetUsers")]
public IEnumerable<ApplicationUser> GetUsers()
{
return _userManager.Users;
}
}
I have an API Controller for Token security. It has a login method which returns a Token string result.
[HttpPost(nameof(Login))]
public async Task<IActionResult> Login([FromBody] LoginResource resource)
{
if (resource == null)
return BadRequest("Login resource must be asssigned");
var user = await _userManager.FindByEmailAsync(resource.Email);
if (user == null || (!(await _signInManager.PasswordSignInAsync(user, resource.Password, false, false)).Succeeded))
return BadRequest("Invalid credentials");
string result = GenerateToken(user.UserName, resource.Email);
// Token is created, we can sign out
await _signInManager.SignOutAsync();
return Ok(result);
}
private string GenerateToken(string username, string email)
{
var claims = new Claim[]
{
new Claim(ClaimTypes.Name, username),
new Claim(ClaimTypes.Email, email),
new Claim(JwtRegisteredClaimNames.Nbf, new DateTimeOffset(DateTime.Now).ToUnixTimeSeconds().ToString()),
new Claim(JwtRegisteredClaimNames.Exp, new DateTimeOffset(DateTime.Now.AddDays(1)).ToUnixTimeSeconds().ToString()),
};
var token = new JwtSecurityToken(
new JwtHeader(new SigningCredentials(
new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("the secret that needs to be at least 16 characeters long for HmacSha256")),
SecurityAlgorithms.HmacSha256)),
new JwtPayload(claims));
return new JwtSecurityTokenHandler().WriteToken(token);
}
I have a small console app just for testing the API. When I attempt to Get the Users using the jwt. I receive an immediate "unauthorized". If I remove the "[Authorize]" from the users Controller... success. It appears that my header Authorization is not recognized, but not sure why.
private static async Task<String> GetUsers(String jwt)
{
var url = "https://localhost:44300/";
var apiUrl = $"/api/Users/";
using (var client = new HttpClient() { BaseAddress = new Uri(url) })
{
client.BaseAddress = new Uri(url);
client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json"));
client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("Authorization", $"Bearer {jwt}");
using (var response = await client.GetAsync(apiUrl))
{
if (response.StatusCode == System.Net.HttpStatusCode.OK)
return await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
else return null;
}
}
}
I'm basing my attempts on the article here ... some of which might be slightly out of date.
Update - Excerpt of Startup.cs
services.AddAuthentication(options =>
{
options.DefaultAuthenticateScheme = "Jwt";
options.DefaultChallengeScheme = "Jwt";
}).AddJwtBearer("Jwt", options =>
{
options.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters
{
ValidateAudience = false,
//ValidAudience = "the audience you want to validate",
ValidateIssuer = false,
//ValidIssuer = "the isser you want to validate",
ValidateIssuerSigningKey = true,
IssuerSigningKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("the secret that needs to be at least 16 characeters long for HmacSha256")),
ValidateLifetime = true, //validate the expiration and not before values in the token
ClockSkew = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5) //5 minute tolerance for the expiration date
};
});
Configure...
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
{
if (env.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseBrowserLink();
app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
app.UseDatabaseErrorPage();
}
else
{
app.UseExceptionHandler("/Home/Error");
}
app.UseStaticFiles();
app.UseAuthentication();
app.UseMvc(routes =>
{
routes.MapRoute(
name: "default",
template: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");
});
//app.UseJwtBearerAuthentication(
// new Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.JwtBearer.JwtBearerOptions
// );
}
Solution:
This line was escaping the token therefore causing it to be invalid when passed in the next request:
var result = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
Replaced with:
var result = await response.Content.ReadAsAsync<string>();
Note: To use this ext method I had to "install-package Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Client"
回答1:
I used JWT authentication in my one of project. I would like to show my implementation, maybe this will help you. But probably you forget to add UseAuthentication(); into configure method in startup class.
startup.cs
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app)
{
app.UseAuthentication();
app.UseMvc();
}
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
var appSettings = Configuration.GetSection("AppSettings");
services.AddAuthentication(options =>
{
options.DefaultAuthenticateScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
options.DefaultChallengeScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
}
)
.AddJwtBearer(options =>
{
options.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters
{
ValidateAudience = true,
ValidAudience = appSettings["JwtAudience"],
ValidateIssuer = true,
ValidIssuer = appSettings["JwtIssuer"],
ValidateLifetime = true,
ValidateIssuerSigningKey = true,
IssuerSigningKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(appSettings["JwtSigningKey"]))
};
});
}
generateToken method
private string GenerateToken(string email)
{
SecurityKey securityKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(_appSettings.Value.JwtSigningKey));
var token = new JwtSecurityToken(
issuer: _appSettings.Value.JwtIssuer,
audience: _appSettings.Value.JwtAudience,
claims: new[]
{
new Claim(JwtRegisteredClaimNames.UniqueName, email),
new Claim(JwtRegisteredClaimNames.Email, email),
new Claim(JwtRegisteredClaimNames.NameId, Guid.NewGuid().ToString())
},
expires: DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(_appSettings.Value.JwtExpireMinute),
signingCredentials: new SigningCredentials(securityKey, SecurityAlgorithms.HmacSha256)
);
return new JwtSecurityTokenHandler().WriteToken(token);
}
回答2:
I had created a nuget package NetCore.Jwt to simplify this process recently. I didn't find it worth writing all the code each time you needed a Jwt, when you can handle cookies simply with the function SignInAsync. However, if you prefer the manual way, Celal's answer is a clear and straightforward guide for this process.
Alternatively, you can install NetCore.Jwt and use the following in your startup:
services.AddAuthentication(NetCoreJwtDefaults.SchemeName)
.AddNetCoreJwt(options =>
{
// configure your token options such as secret, expiry, and issuer here
});
In your Login function, you can use the extension function for HttpContext
string token = HttpContext.GenerateBearerToken( new Claim[]
{
new Claim(ClaimTypes.Name, username),
new Claim(ClaimTypes.Email, email),
new Claim(JwtRegisteredClaimNames.Nbf, new DateTimeOffset(DateTime.Now).ToUnixTimeSeconds().ToString()),
new Claim(JwtRegisteredClaimNames.Exp, new DateTimeOffset(DateTime.Now.AddDays(1)).ToUnixTimeSeconds().ToString()),
});
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/51407688/core-2-0-api-auth-with-jwt-returns-unauthorized