How to pass commands as arguments to ssh [duplicate]

问题

This question already has answers here:

Running shell command that has nested quotes via ssh (3 answers)

Double quotes inside quotes in bash (2 answers)

Escaping quotes when using SSH (2 answers)

Closed 2 years ago.

My need is to make this command work:

sshpass -p XXXX ssh -oStrictHostKeyChecking=no wsuser@192.168.0.100 sudo docker exec -u postgres postgres-container /bin/bash -c \" psql -d crawl-configuration -c 'select * from schema_version'\"

But the result indicates that * is expanded by the shell and all matching files are passed as arguments to the psql command. So I searched how to protect the command from being expanded, but without success.

My experimentations gave me the following results.

A - The following command works, TOTO is displayed on my shell

sshpass -p XXXX ssh -oStrictHostKeyChecking=no wsuser@192.168.0.100 sudo docker exec -u postgres postgres-container /bin/bash -c \"echo TOTO\"

B - The following command doesn't work, a blank line is displayed on my shell

sshpass -p XXXX ssh -oStrictHostKeyChecking=no wsuser@192.168.0.100 sudo docker exec -u postgres postgres-container /bin/bash -c "echo TOTO"

C - This works, the result of ls is displayed. I don't understand why it works but not case B ?

sshpass -p XXXX ssh -oStrictHostKeyChecking=no wsuser@192.168.0.100 sudo docker exec -u postgres postgres-container /bin/bash -c "ls"

D - This works, I have the expected result

sshpass -p XXXX ssh -oStrictHostKeyChecking=no wsuser@192.168.0.100 sudo docker exec -u postgres postgres-container /bin/bash -c \" psql -d crawl-configuration -c \'select version from schema_version\' \"

E - Execution of this command on the host without passing by ssh works

sudo docker exec -u postgres postgres-container /bin/bash -c " psql -d crawl-configuration -c 'select * from schema_version'"

What is the solution to make my first command work ?

回答1:

I would say this:

sshpass -p XXXX ssh -oStrictHostKeyChecking=no wsuser@192.168.0.100 \
  "sudo docker exec -u postgres postgres-container \
  /bin/bash -c \"psql -d crawl-configuration -c 'select * from schema_version'\""

Double quote the whole command to be executed by ssh, then escape double quotes within the command.

Alternatively, use a here-doc:

sshpass -p XXXX ssh -T -oStrictHostKeyChecking=no wsuser@192.168.0.100 <<-'EOF'
    sudo docker exec -u postgres postgres-container \
    /bin/bash -c "psql -d crawl-configuration -c 'select * from schema_version'"
EOF

No quoting needed because of the quoted 'EOF' delimiter. The -T disables allocation of a pseudo-terminal.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/43926422/how-to-pass-commands-as-arguments-to-ssh