问题
I'm trying to install libxml-ruby.
I have installed libxml2, libxslt and coreutils
I have also read other posts regarding the issue but none solved it for me.
brew list libxslt
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxslt/1.1.28_1/bin/xslt-config
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxslt/1.1.28_1/bin/xsltproc
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxslt/1.1.28_1/include/libexslt/ (3 files)
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxslt/1.1.28_1/include/libxslt/ (21 files)
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxslt/1.1.28_1/lib/libexslt.0.dylib
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxslt/1.1.28_1/lib/libxslt.1.dylib
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxslt/1.1.28_1/lib/pkgconfig/ (2 files)
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxslt/1.1.28_1/lib/ (5 other files)
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxslt/1.1.28_1/share/aclocal/libxslt.m4
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxslt/1.1.28_1/share/doc/ (90 files)
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxslt/1.1.28_1/share/man/ (3 files)
brew list libxml2
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxml2/2.9.4/bin/xml2-config
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxml2/2.9.4/bin/xmlcatalog
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxml2/2.9.4/bin/xmllint
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxml2/2.9.4/include/libxml2/ (47 files)
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxml2/2.9.4/lib/libxml2.2.dylib
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxml2/2.9.4/lib/cmake/libxml2/libxml2-config.cmake
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxml2/2.9.4/lib/pkgconfig/libxml-2.0.pc
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxml2/2.9.4/lib/ (3 other files)
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxml2/2.9.4/share/aclocal/libxml.m4
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxml2/2.9.4/share/doc/ (153 files)
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxml2/2.9.4/share/gtk-doc/ (55 files)
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxml2/2.9.4/share/man/ (4 files)
gem install libxml-ruby produces the following error:
Building native extensions. This could take a while...
ERROR: Error installing libxml-ruby:
ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
current directory: /opt/rubies/2.3.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/libxml-ruby-2.9.0/ext/libxml
/opt/boxen/rbenv/versions/2.3.0/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20160630-68248-1qaz7dk.rb extconf.rb
checking for libxml/xmlversion.h in /opt/include/libxml2,/opt/local/include/libxml2,/usr/local/include/libxml2,/usr/include/libxml2... no
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers. Check the mkmf.log file for more details. You may
need configuration options.
Provided configuration options:
--with-opt-dir
--without-opt-dir
--with-opt-include
--without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
--with-opt-lib
--without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
--with-make-prog
--without-make-prog
--srcdir=.
--curdir
--ruby=/opt/boxen/rbenv/versions/2.3.0/bin/$(RUBY_BASE_NAME)
--with-xml2-config
--without-xml2-config
--with-xml2-dir
--without-xml2-dir
--with-xml2-include
--without-xml2-include=${xml2-dir}/include
--with-xml2-lib
--without-xml2-lib=${xml2-dir}/lib
extconf failure: need libxml2.
Install the library or try one of the following options to extconf.rb:
--with-xml2-config=/path/to/xml2-config
--with-xml2-dir=/path/to/libxml2
--with-xml2-lib=/path/to/libxml2/lib
--with-xml2-include=/path/to/libxml2/include
To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can be found here:
/opt/boxen/rbenv/versions/2.3.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/extensions/x86_64-darwin-14/2.3.0-static/libxml-ruby-2.9.0/mkmf.log
extconf failed, exit code 1
Gem files will remain installed in /opt/boxen/rbenv/versions/2.3.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/libxml-ruby-2.9.0 for inspection.
Results logged to /opt/boxen/rbenv/versions/2.3.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/extensions/x86_64-darwin-14/2.3.0-static/libxml-ruby-2.9.0/gem_make.out
回答1:
The high level issue is shown here:
checking for libxml/xmlversion.h in /opt/include/libxml2,/opt/local/include/libxml2,/usr/local/include/libxml2,/usr/include/libxml2... no
Basically, the installer is telling you it can't find libxml/xmlversion.h but more generally it most likely can't find your libxml2 location. It tells you which four directories it's looking in so the first step is to check those directories to see if libxml2 is there.
Assuming it's not in any of those four locations, you need to find it. Run find / -name xmlversion.h (might need sudo) to figure out where libxml2 got installed. Based on this answer I'm guessing your issue is that brew installed it to /usr/local/Cellar/libxml2 but you should confirm that. Once you have the location you can manually point your gem install command to it. Something like this: (but fill in path/to with your actual path)
gem install libxml-ruby --with-xml2-dir=/path/to/libxml2 --with-xml2-lib=/path/to/libxml2/lib --with-xml2-include=/path/to/libxml2/include
回答2:
I had a similar issue after I had used brew to install libxml2
Brew link solved the issue brew link --force libxml2
回答3:
Life after upgrading to macOS Mojave.
xcode-select --install
brew install libxml2
brew link --force libxml2
gem install libxml-ruby -v '2.9.0' -- --use-system-libraries=true --with-xml2-include="$(xcrun --show-sdk-path)"/usr/include/libxml2
In my example I installed version 2.9.0 of the libxml-ruby gem. Change the version string to suit your needs. If available, examine the Gemfile.lock to identify which version of libxml-ruby Bundler is needs to install.
回答4:
Homebrew:
libxml2 is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local, because macOS already provides this software and installing another version in parallel can cause all kinds of trouble.
So, we need to set libxml path directly
brew install libxml2
gem install libxml-ruby \
-- \
--with-xml2-config="$(brew --prefix libxml2)/bin/xml2-config"
P.S.
If you get the exception on lastest rubies:
Just ignore it. The gem was successfully installed. Just the Rdoc documentation generation failed.
The internal error was:
(NoMethodError) undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass
ERROR: While executing gem ... (NoMethodError)
undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass
回答5:
macOS comes with libmxl2 installed, always, there is no need to use a utility like brew to install it first. Yet the headers are not found in /usr/include/libxml but in /usr/include/libxml2/libxml.
The configure script of the libxml-ruby gem tries to detect if libxml is installed by compiling code that looks like this:
#include <libxml/xmlversion.h>
But when compiling with the compiler shipped with Xcode, only this code would work:
#include <libxml2/libxml/xmlversion.h>
The trick is to let the configure script know where to find the headers. On a macOS system with Xcode installed, the following will work:
gem install libxml-ruby -v '3.1.0' -- --with-xml2-include=`xcrun --show-sdk-path`/usr/include/libxml2
回答6:
I also used brew to install libxml2 but needed the following options:
brew install libxml2 --with-xml2-config
gem install libxml-ruby -- --with-xml2-config=/usr/local/homebrew/opt/libxml2/bin/xml2-config
回答7:
One solution is to:
cd /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Packages/ $
open macOS_SDK_headers_for_macOS_10.14.pkg
To force the reinstallation of the headers for macOS 10.14.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/38129330/libxml-ruby-failed-to-build-gem-native-extension