How to handle drag/drop without violating MVVM principals?

问题

Currently I have in my XAML

<TabControl  
    AllowDrop="True"
    PreviewDragOver="DragOver"
    PreviewDrop="Drop" />

All of my drag/drop code exists within the codebehind of my View, rather than within my ViewModel.

How can I handle drag/drop in my ViewModel without adding any dependencies on the View?

回答1:

There are libraries for this such as gong and similar snippets on various blog articles.

However, you shouldn't get too hung up on having absolutely no code-behind. For example, this is still MVVM in my book:

void ButtonClicked(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    ((MyViewModel) this.DataContext).DoSomething();
}

A command binding might be a better choice, but the logic is definitely in the viewmodel. With something like Drag and Drop, it's more variable where you want to draw the line. You can have code-behind interpret the Drag Args and call methods on the viewmodel when appropriate.

回答2:

Here is some code I wrote that allows you to drag and drop files onto a control without violating MVVM. It could easily be modified to pass the actual object instead of a file.

/// <summary>
/// IFileDragDropTarget Interface
/// </summary>
public interface IFileDragDropTarget
{
    void OnFileDrop(string[] filepaths);
}

/// <summary>
/// FileDragDropHelper
/// </summary>
public class FileDragDropHelper
{
    public static bool GetIsFileDragDropEnabled(DependencyObject obj)
    {
        return (bool)obj.GetValue(IsFileDragDropEnabledProperty);
    }

    public static void SetIsFileDragDropEnabled(DependencyObject obj, bool value)
    {
        obj.SetValue(IsFileDragDropEnabledProperty, value);
    }

    public static bool GetFileDragDropTarget(DependencyObject obj)
    {
        return (bool)obj.GetValue(FileDragDropTargetProperty);
    }

    public static void SetFileDragDropTarget(DependencyObject obj, bool value)
    {
        obj.SetValue(FileDragDropTargetProperty, value);
    }

    public static readonly DependencyProperty IsFileDragDropEnabledProperty =
            DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("IsFileDragDropEnabled", typeof(bool), typeof(FileDragDropHelper), new PropertyMetadata(OnFileDragDropEnabled));

    public static readonly DependencyProperty FileDragDropTargetProperty =
            DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("FileDragDropTarget", typeof(object), typeof(FileDragDropHelper), null);

    private static void OnFileDragDropEnabled(DependencyObject d, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
    {
        if (e.NewValue == e.OldValue) return;
        var control = d as Control;
        if (control != null) control.Drop += OnDrop;
    }

    private static void OnDrop(object _sender, DragEventArgs _dragEventArgs)
    {
        DependencyObject d = _sender as DependencyObject;
        if (d == null) return;
        Object target = d.GetValue(FileDragDropTargetProperty);
        IFileDragDropTarget fileTarget = target as IFileDragDropTarget;
        if (fileTarget != null)
        {
            if (_dragEventArgs.Data.GetDataPresent(DataFormats.FileDrop))
            {
                fileTarget.OnFileDrop((string[])_dragEventArgs.Data.GetData(DataFormats.FileDrop));
            }
        }
        else
        {
            throw new Exception("FileDragDropTarget object must be of type IFileDragDropTarget");
        }
    }
}

Usage:

<ScrollViewer AllowDrop="True" Background="Transparent" utility:FileDragDropHelper.IsFileDragDropEnabled="True" utility:FileDragDropHelper.FileDragDropTarget="{Binding}"/>

Ensure the DataContext inherits from IFileDragDropTarget and implements the OnFileDrop.

public class MyDataContext : ViewModelBase, IFileDragDropTarget
{
    public void OnFileDrop(string[] filepaths)
    {
        //handle file drop in data context
    }
}

回答3:

This might also be of some help to you. The attached command behavior library allows you to convert any event(s) into a command which will more closely adhere to the MVVM framework.

http://marlongrech.wordpress.com/2008/12/13/attachedcommandbehavior-v2-aka-acb/

Using this is extremely easy. And has saved my bacon numerous times

Hope this helps

回答4:

This is just an additional answer that ports @Asheh's answer's to VB.NET for VB developers.

Imports System.Windows

Interface IFileDragDropTarget

    Sub OnFileDrop(ByVal filepaths As String())

End Interface

Public Class FileDragDropHelper

    Public Shared Function GetIsFileDragDropEnabled(ByVal obj As DependencyObject) As Boolean
        Return CBool(obj.GetValue(IsFileDragDropEnabledProperty))
    End Function

    Public Shared Sub SetIsFileDragDropEnabled(ByVal obj As DependencyObject, ByVal value As Boolean)
        obj.SetValue(IsFileDragDropEnabledProperty, value)
    End Sub

    Public Shared Function GetFileDragDropTarget(ByVal obj As DependencyObject) As Boolean
        Return CBool(obj.GetValue(FileDragDropTargetProperty))
    End Function

    Public Shared Sub SetFileDragDropTarget(ByVal obj As DependencyObject, ByVal value As Boolean)
        obj.SetValue(FileDragDropTargetProperty, value)
    End Sub

    Public Shared ReadOnly IsFileDragDropEnabledProperty As DependencyProperty = DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("IsFileDragDropEnabled", GetType(Boolean), GetType(FileDragDropHelper), New PropertyMetadata(AddressOf OnFileDragDropEnabled))

    Public Shared ReadOnly FileDragDropTargetProperty As DependencyProperty = DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("FileDragDropTarget", GetType(Object), GetType(FileDragDropHelper), Nothing)

    Shared WithEvents control As Windows.Controls.Control
    Private Shared Sub OnFileDragDropEnabled(ByVal d As DependencyObject, ByVal e As DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs)
        If e.NewValue = e.OldValue Then Return
        control = TryCast(d, Windows.Controls.Control)
        If control IsNot Nothing Then
            AddHandler control.Drop, AddressOf OnDrop
        End If
    End Sub

    Private Shared Sub OnDrop(ByVal _sender As Object, ByVal _dragEventArgs As DragEventArgs)
        Dim d As DependencyObject = TryCast(_sender, DependencyObject)
        If d Is Nothing Then Return
        Dim target As Object = d.GetValue(FileDragDropTargetProperty)
        Dim fileTarget As IFileDragDropTarget = TryCast(target, IFileDragDropTarget)
        If fileTarget IsNot Nothing Then
            If _dragEventArgs.Data.GetDataPresent(DataFormats.FileDrop) Then
                fileTarget.OnFileDrop(CType(_dragEventArgs.Data.GetData(DataFormats.FileDrop), String()))
            End If
        Else
            Throw New Exception("FileDragDropTarget object must be of type IFileDragDropTarget")
        End If
    End Sub
End Class

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5916154/how-to-handle-drag-drop-without-violating-mvvm-principals