Boost weak_ptr's in a multi-threaded program to implement a resource pool

问题

I'm thinking of using boost::weak_ptr to implement a pool of objects such that they will get reaped when nobody is using one of the objects. My concern, though, is that it's a multi-threaded environment, and it seems there's a race condition between the last shared_ptr to an object going out of scope and a new shared_ptr being constructed from the weak_ptr. Normally, you'd protect such operations with lock or something; however, the whole point here is that you don't know when the shared_ptr might be going out of scope.

Am I misunderstanding something about boost::shared_ptr and boost::weak_ptr? If not, does anybody have any good suggestions on what to do?

Thanks.

Andrew

回答1:

To use a weak_ptr, you normally have to grab a strong reference by constructing a shared_ptr with it. This last step is atomic: you either get a strong reference back, or you get a bad_weak_ptr exception thrown. (Alternatively, call lock() on the weak_ptr, and either get a strong reference or null.)

Example (with lock(); easy enough to adapt to the other style):

void do_something(weak_ptr<foo> weak) {
    // Grab strong reference
    shared_ptr<foo> strong(weak.lock());
    if (strong) {
        // We now have a strong reference to use
    } else {
        // No strong references left; object already freed
    }
}

回答2:

Both boost::weak_ptr and boost::shared_ptr are similar if it comes to thread safety: they are not thread safe if there is a risk that object is going to be destroyed somewhere. If your object referenced in boost::shared_ptr or weak_ptr is being referenced permanently somewhere, then use can use shared/weak ptrs without any risk.

But if some operation is going to dereference the last living instance of object, then at that time you cannot do some operations on weak_ptr: in particular: you cannot assign weak_ptr to another weak_ptr because it uses shared_ptr internally. Also, you cannot use lock because the result is undefined. Also, expired() method is useless to: it may return true, but then next line of your code, your object might be already expired.

回答3:

Yes, ish. In terms of accessing the pointers, Boost should have made everything safe; that's part of their point.

However, if you're expecting to have a delay between when the last shared_ptr goes out, and when you want to make the next one, you'll get a null pointer. (If you're checking appropriately, you should then have an appropro fail case).

But you can't end up with an invalid shared_ptr

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2160334/boost-weak-ptrs-in-a-multi-threaded-program-to-implement-a-resource-pool