Sequential Guid Generator

问题

Is there any way to get the functionality of the Sql Server 2005+ Sequential Guid generator without inserting records to read it back on round trip or invoking a native win dll call? I saw someone answer with a way of using rpcrt4.dll but I'm not sure if that would be able to work from my hosted environment for production.

Edit: Working with @John Boker's answer I attempted to turn it into more of a GuidComb generator instead of being dependent on the last generated Guid other than starting over. That for the seed instead of starting with Guid.Empty that I use

public SequentialGuid()
{
    var tempGuid = Guid.NewGuid();
    var bytes = tempGuid.ToByteArray();
    var time = DateTime.Now;
    bytes[3] = (byte) time.Year;
    bytes[2] = (byte) time.Month;
    bytes[1] = (byte) time.Day;
    bytes[0] = (byte) time.Hour;
    bytes[5] = (byte) time.Minute;
    bytes[4] = (byte) time.Second;
    CurrentGuid = new Guid(bytes);
}

I based that off the comments on

// 3 - the least significant byte in Guid ByteArray 
        [for SQL Server ORDER BY clause]
// 10 - the most significant byte in Guid ByteArray 
        [for SQL Server ORDERY BY clause]
SqlOrderMap = new[] {3, 2, 1, 0, 5, 4, 7, 6, 9, 8, 15, 14, 13, 12, 11, 10};

Does this look like the way I'd want to seed a guid with the DateTime or does it look like I should do it in reverse and work backwards from the end of the SqlOrderMap indexes? I'm not too concerned about their being a paging break anytime an initial guid would be created since it would only occur during application recycles.

回答1:

this person came up with something to make sequential guids, here's a link

http://developmenttips.blogspot.com/2008/03/generate-sequential-guids-for-sql.html

relevant code:

public class SequentialGuid {
    Guid _CurrentGuid;
    public Guid CurrentGuid {
        get {
            return _CurrentGuid;
        }
    }

    public SequentialGuid() {
        _CurrentGuid = Guid.NewGuid();
    }

    public SequentialGuid(Guid previousGuid) {
        _CurrentGuid = previousGuid;
    }

    public static SequentialGuid operator++(SequentialGuid sequentialGuid) {
        byte[] bytes = sequentialGuid._CurrentGuid.ToByteArray();
        for (int mapIndex = 0; mapIndex < 16; mapIndex++) {
            int bytesIndex = SqlOrderMap[mapIndex];
            bytes[bytesIndex]++;
            if (bytes[bytesIndex] != 0) {
                break; // No need to increment more significant bytes
            }
        }
        sequentialGuid._CurrentGuid = new Guid(bytes);
        return sequentialGuid;
    }

    private static int[] _SqlOrderMap = null;
    private static int[] SqlOrderMap {
        get {
            if (_SqlOrderMap == null) {
                _SqlOrderMap = new int[16] {
                    3, 2, 1, 0, 5, 4, 7, 6, 9, 8, 15, 14, 13, 12, 11, 10
                };
                // 3 - the least significant byte in Guid ByteArray [for SQL Server ORDER BY clause]
                // 10 - the most significant byte in Guid ByteArray [for SQL Server ORDERY BY clause]
            }
            return _SqlOrderMap;
        }
    }
}

回答2:

You could just use the same Win32 API function that SQL Server uses:

UuidCreateSequential

and apply some bit-shifting to put the values into big-endian order.

And since you want it in C#:

private class NativeMethods
{
   [DllImport("rpcrt4.dll", SetLastError=true)]
   public static extern int UuidCreateSequential(out Guid guid);
}

public static Guid NewSequentialID()
{
   //Code is released into the public domain; no attribution required
   const int RPC_S_OK = 0;

   Guid guid;
   int result = NativeMethods.UuidCreateSequential(out guid);
   if (result != RPC_S_OK)
      return Guid.NewGuid();

   //Endian swap the UInt32, UInt16, and UInt16 into the big-endian order (RFC specified order) that SQL Server expects
   //See https://stackoverflow.com/a/47682820/12597
   //Short version: UuidCreateSequential writes out three numbers in litte, rather than big, endian order
   var s = guid.ToByteArray();
   var t = new byte[16];

   //Endian swap UInt32
   t[3] = s[0];
   t[2] = s[1];
   t[1] = s[2];
   t[0] = s[3];
   //Endian swap UInt16
   t[5] = s[4];
   t[4] = s[5];
   //Endian swap UInt16
   t[7] = s[6];
   t[6] = s[7];
   //The rest are already in the proper order
   t[8] = s[8];
   t[9] = s[9];
   t[10] = s[10];
   t[11] = s[11];
   t[12] = s[12];
   t[13] = s[13];
   t[14] = s[14];
   t[15] = s[15];

   return new Guid(t);
}

回答3:

Here is how NHibernate implements the Guid.Comb algorithm:

private Guid GenerateComb()
{
    byte[] guidArray = Guid.NewGuid().ToByteArray();

    DateTime baseDate = new DateTime(1900, 1, 1);
    DateTime now = DateTime.Now;

    // Get the days and milliseconds which will be used to build the byte string 
    TimeSpan days = new TimeSpan(now.Ticks - baseDate.Ticks);
    TimeSpan msecs = now.TimeOfDay;

    // Convert to a byte array 
    // Note that SQL Server is accurate to 1/300th of a millisecond so we divide by 3.333333 
    byte[] daysArray = BitConverter.GetBytes(days.Days);
    byte[] msecsArray = BitConverter.GetBytes((long) (msecs.TotalMilliseconds / 3.333333));

    // Reverse the bytes to match SQL Servers ordering 
    Array.Reverse(daysArray);
    Array.Reverse(msecsArray);

    // Copy the bytes into the guid 
    Array.Copy(daysArray, daysArray.Length - 2, guidArray, guidArray.Length - 6, 2);
    Array.Copy(msecsArray, msecsArray.Length - 4, guidArray, guidArray.Length - 4, 4);

    return new Guid(guidArray);
}

回答4:

A Sequential guid that updates often (at least 3 times per milisecond), can be found here. It is create with regular C# code (no native code call).

回答5:

C# Version

    public static Guid ToSeqGuid()
    {
        Int64 lastTicks = -1;
        long ticks = System.DateTime.UtcNow.Ticks;

        if (ticks <= lastTicks)
        {
            ticks = lastTicks + 1;
        }

        lastTicks = ticks;

        byte[] ticksBytes = BitConverter.GetBytes(ticks);

        Array.Reverse(ticksBytes);

        Guid myGuid = new Guid();
        byte[] guidBytes = myGuid.ToByteArray();

        Array.Copy(ticksBytes, 0, guidBytes, 10, 6);
        Array.Copy(ticksBytes, 6, guidBytes, 8, 2);

        Guid newGuid = new Guid(guidBytes);

        string filepath = @"C:\temp\TheNewGuids.txt";
        using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(filepath, true))
        {
            writer.WriteLine("GUID Created =  " + newGuid.ToString());
        }

        return newGuid;

    }

}

}

回答6:

Maybe interesting to compare with the other suggestions:

EntityFramework Core also implements a sequentialGuidValueGenerator. They generate randoms guids for each value and only change the most significant bytes based on a timestamp and thread-safe increments for sorting in SQL Server.

source link

This leads to values that are all very different but with a timestamp sortable.

回答7:

My solution (in VB but easy to convert). It changes the most significant (for SQL Server sorting) first 8 bytes of the GUID to DateTime.UtcNow.Ticks and also has extra code to help the issue of getting the same Ticks multiple times if you call for a new GUID faster than the system clock updates.

Private ReadOnly _toSeqGuidLock As New Object()
''' <summary>
''' Replaces the most significant eight bytes of the GUID (according to SQL Server ordering) with the current UTC-timestamp.
''' </summary>
''' <remarks>Thread-Safe</remarks>
<System.Runtime.CompilerServices.Extension()> _
Public Function ToSeqGuid(ByVal guid As Guid) As Guid

    Static lastTicks As Int64 = -1

    Dim ticks = DateTime.UtcNow.Ticks

    SyncLock _toSeqGuidLock

        If ticks <= lastTicks Then
            ticks = lastTicks + 1
        End If

        lastTicks = ticks

    End SyncLock

    Dim ticksBytes = BitConverter.GetBytes(ticks)

    Array.Reverse(ticksBytes)

    Dim guidBytes = guid.ToByteArray()

    Array.Copy(ticksBytes, 0, guidBytes, 10, 6)
    Array.Copy(ticksBytes, 6, guidBytes, 8, 2)

    Return New Guid(guidBytes)

End Function

回答8:

I just took the NHibernate based answer by Moslem Ben Dhaou and made it an extension function:

using System;

namespace Atlas.Core.Kernel.Extensions
{
  public static class Guids
  {
    public static Guid Comb(this Guid source)
    {
      byte[] guidArray = source.ToByteArray();

      DateTime baseDate = new DateTime(1900, 1, 1);
      DateTime now = DateTime.Now;

      // Get the days and milliseconds which will be used to build the byte string 
      TimeSpan days = new TimeSpan(now.Ticks - baseDate.Ticks);
      TimeSpan msecs = now.TimeOfDay;

      // Convert to a byte array 
      // Note that SQL Server is accurate to 1/300th of a millisecond so we divide by 3.333333 
      byte[] daysArray = BitConverter.GetBytes(days.Days);
      byte[] msecsArray = BitConverter.GetBytes((long)(msecs.TotalMilliseconds / 3.333333));

      // Reverse the bytes to match SQL Servers ordering 
      Array.Reverse(daysArray);
      Array.Reverse(msecsArray);

      // Copy the bytes into the guid 
      Array.Copy(daysArray, daysArray.Length - 2, guidArray, guidArray.Length - 6, 2);
      Array.Copy(msecsArray, msecsArray.Length - 4, guidArray, guidArray.Length - 4, 4);

      return new Guid(guidArray);
    }
  }
}

回答9:

As far I know NHibernate have special generator, called GuidCombGenerator. You can look on it.

回答10:

Not specifically guid but I now normally use a Snowflake style sequential id generator. The same benefits of a guid while having even better clustered index compatibility than a sequential guid.

Flakey for .NET Core

IdGen for .NET Framework

回答11:

I just saw this question... I happen to be the author of a small open-source .NET library for generating COMB-style GUIDs.

The library supports both the original method (compatible with SQL Server's datetime type) and one using Unix timestamps, which have more time precision. It also includes a variant that works better for PostgrSQL:

https://github.com/richardtallent/RT.Comb

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1752004/sequential-guid-generator

标签

guid

Sequence