How to run a function when the page is loaded?

问题

I want to run a function when the page is loaded, but I don’t want to use it in the <body> tag.

I have a script that runs if I initialise it in the <body>, like this:

function codeAddress() {
  // code
}

<body onLoad="codeAddress()">

But I want to run it without the <body onload="codeAddress()"> and I have tried a lot of things, e.g. this:

window.onload = codeAddress;

But it is not working.

So how do I run it when the page is loaded?

回答1:

window.onload = codeAddress; should work - here's a demo, and the full code:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <title>Test</title>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
        <script type="text/javascript">
        function codeAddress() {
            alert('ok');
        }
        window.onload = codeAddress;
        </script>
    </head>
    <body>
    
    </body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <title>Test</title>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
        <script type="text/javascript">
        function codeAddress() {
            alert('ok');
        }
        
        </script>
    </head>
    <body onload="codeAddress();">
    
    </body>
</html>

回答2:

Rather than using jQuery or window.onload, native JavaScript has adopted some great functions since the release of jQuery. All modern browsers now have their own DOM ready function without the use of a jQuery library.

I'd recommend this if you use native Javascript.

document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
    alert("Ready!");
}, false);

回答3:

Taking Darin's answer but jQuery style. (I know the user asked for javascript).

running fiddle

$(document).ready ( function(){
   alert('ok');
});

回答4:

Alternate solution. I prefer this for the brevity and code simplicity.

(function () {
    alert("I am here");
})();

This is an anonymous function, where the name is not specified. What happens here is that, the function is defined and executed together. Add this to the beginning or end of the body, depending on if it is to be executed before loading the page or soon after all the HTML elements are loaded.

回答5:

window.onload = function() { ... etc. is not a great answer.

This will likely work, but it will also break any other functions already hooking to that event. Or, if another function hooks into that event after yours, it will break yours. So, you can spend lots of hours later trying to figure out why something that was working isn't anymore.

A more robust answer here:

if(window.attachEvent) {
    window.attachEvent('onload', yourFunctionName);
} else {
    if(window.onload) {
        var curronload = window.onload;
        var newonload = function(evt) {
            curronload(evt);
            yourFunctionName(evt);
        };
        window.onload = newonload;
    } else {
        window.onload = yourFunctionName;
    }
}

Some code I have been using, I forget where I found it to give the author credit.

function my_function() {
    // whatever code I want to run after page load
}
if (window.attachEvent) {window.attachEvent('onload', my_function);}
else if (window.addEventListener) {window.addEventListener('load', my_function, false);}
else {document.addEventListener('load', my_function, false);}

Hope this helps :)

回答6:

Take a look at the domReady script that allows setting up of multiple functions to execute when the DOM has loaded. It's basically what the Dom ready does in many popular JavaScript libraries, but is lightweight and can be taken and added at the start of your external script file.

Example usage

// add reference to domReady script or place 
// contents of script before here

function codeAddress() {

}

domReady(codeAddress);

回答7:

Try readystatechange

document.addEventListener('readystatechange', () => {    
  if (document.readyState == 'complete') codeAddress();
});

where states are:

loading - the document is loading (no fired in snippet)
interactive - the document is parsed, fired before DOMContentLoaded
complete - the document and resources are loaded, fired before window.onload

<script>
  document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", () => {
    mydiv.innerHTML += `DOMContentLoaded (timestamp: ${Date.now()})</br>`;
  });
  
  window.onload = () => {
    mydiv.innerHTML += `window.onload (timestamp: ${Date.now()}) </br>` ;
  } ;

  document.addEventListener('readystatechange', () => {
    mydiv.innerHTML += `ReadyState: ${document.readyState}  (timestamp: ${Date.now()})</br>`;
    
    if (document.readyState == 'complete') codeAddress();
  });

  function codeAddress() {
    mydiv.style.color = 'red';
  }
</script>

<div id='mydiv'></div>

回答8:

window.onload will work like this:

function codeAddress() {
	document.getElementById("test").innerHTML=Date();
}
window.onload = codeAddress;

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
	<title>learning java script</title>
	<script src="custom.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
	<p id="test"></p>
	<li>abcd</li>
</body>
</html>

回答9:

If you want to run a function when the body loads. Instead of giving an onload attribute to the body tag, you can do like this.

// define the body
var body = document.getElementsByTagName("body")[0];
    // or
    // var body = document.querySelector("body");
    // or 
    // var body = document.querySelectorAll("body")[0];
    
    
      function codeAddress() {
      // your function
        alert("Hello World");
    }
    
    body.onload = function() {
       codeAddress();
    };

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
	<title>learning java script</title> 
</head>
<body>
	<h1>Sample Heading</h1>
  <p>Sample text</p>
</body>
</html>

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4842590/how-to-run-a-function-when-the-page-is-loaded

标签

javascript

html

onload