Groups in a Gemfile in Rails 3?

问题

In my Gemfile in Rails I have these groups:

group :development, :test do
  gem "capybara"
  gem "database_cleaner"
  gem "spork"
  gem "launchy"
end

group :bdd do
  gem "cucumber-rails"
  gem "rspec-rails"
end

What does this mean?

回答1:

From http://yehudakatz.com/2010/05/09/the-how-and-why-of-bundler-groups/:

Specifying groups allows you to do two things. First, you can install the gems in your Gemfile, minus specific groups. For instance, Rails puts mysql and pg in a database group so that if you’re just working on ActionPack, you can bundle install --without db and run the ActionPack tests without having to worry about getting the gems installed.

Second, you can list specific groups to autorequire using Bundler.require. By default, Bundler.require requires all the gems in the default group (which is all the gems that have no explicit group). You can also say Bundler.require(:default, :another_group) to require specific groups.