问题
I'm working on some stuff for an in-house CRM. The company's current frontend allows for lots of duplicates. I'm trying to stop end-users from putting in the same person because they searched for 'Bill Johnson' and not 'William Johnson.' So the user will put in some information about their new customer and we'll find the similar names (including fuzzy names) and match them against what is already in our database and ask if they meant those things... Does such a database or technology exist?
回答1:
I implemented such a functionality on one website. I use double_metaphone() + levenstein() in PHP. I precalculate a double_metaphone() for each entry in the dabatase, which I lookup using a SELECT of the first x chars of the 'metaphoned' searched term.
Then I sort the returned result according to their levenstein distance. double_metaphone() is not part of any PHP library (last time I checked), so I borrowed a PHP implementation I found somewhere a long while ago on the net (site no longer on line). I should post it somewhere I suppose.
EDIT: The website is still in archive.org: http://web.archive.org/web/20080728063208/http://swoodbridge.com/DoubleMetaPhone/
or Google cache: http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:Tr9taWl9hMIJ:swoodbridge.com/DoubleMetaPhone/+Stephen+Woodbridge+double_metaphon
which leads to many other useful links with source code for double_metaphone(), including one in Javascript on github: http://github.com/maritz/js-double-metaphone
EDIT: Went through my old code, and here are roughly the steps of what I do, pseudo coded to keep it clear:
1) Precompute a double_metaphone() for every word in the database, i.e., $word='blahblah'; $soundslike=double_metaphone($word);
2) At lookup time, $word is fuzzy-searched against the database: $soundslike = double_metaphone($word)
4) SELECT * FROM table WHERE soundlike LIKE $soundlike (if you have levenstein stored as a procedure, much better: SELECT * FROM table WHERE levenstein(soundlike,$soundlike) < mythreshold ORDER BY levenstein(word,$word) ASC LIMIT ... etc.
It has worked well for me, although I can't use a stored procedure, since I have no control over the server and it's using MySQL 4.20 or something.
回答2:
I asked a similar question once. Name Hypocorism List I never did get around to doing anything with it but the problem has come up again at work so I might write and open source a library in .net for doing some matching.
Update: I ported the perl module I mentioned there to C# and put it up on github. http://github.com/stimms/Nicknames
回答3:
Implement the Levenshtein distance:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levenshtein_distance
This can be written as a SQL Function and queried many different ways.
回答4:
Well SSIS has some fuzzy logic tasks we use to find duplicates after the fact.
I think though you need to have your logic look at more than just the name for best results. If they are putting in address, email or phone information, perhaps you could look for people with the same last name with one or more of those other matches and ask if one of them will do. You could also make a table of nicknames for various names and match on that. You won't get all of them, but you could get some of the most common in your country at least.
回答5:
You can use SOUNDEX to get similar sounding names. However, it won't match with William and Bill for example.
Try this in SQL as an example.
SELECT SOUNDEX('John'), SOUNDEX('Jon')
回答6:
There is some built-in SOUNDS LIKE functionality in SQL Server, see SOUNDEX http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa259235%28SQL.80%29.aspx
As for full / nickname searching there isn't anything built it that I am aware of. Nicknames vary by region and it's a lot of information to keep track of. There might be a database linking full names to nicknames that you could leverage in your own application.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3290350/super-fuzzy-name-checking