The documentation for Dask talks about repartioning to reduce overhead here.
They however seem to indicate you need some knowledge of what your dataframe will look like beforehand (ie that there will 1/100th of the data expected).
Is there a good way to repartition sensibly without making assumptions? At the moment I just repartition with npartitions = ncores * magic_number, and set force to True to expand partitions if need be. This one size fits all approach works but is definitely suboptimal as my dataset varies in size.
The data is time series data, but unfortunately not at regular intervals, I've used repartition by time frequency in the past but this would be suboptimal because of how irregular the data is (sometimes nothing for minutes then thousands in seconds)
Just to add to Samantha Hughes' answer:
memory_usage() by default ignores memory consumption of object dtype columns. For the datasets I have been working with recently this leads to an underestimate of memory usage of about 10x.
Unless you are sure there are no object dtype columns I would suggest specifying deep=True, that is, repartition using:
df.repartition(npartitions= 1+df.memory_usage(deep=True).sum().compute() // n )
Where n is your target partition size in bytes. Adding 1 ensures the number of partitions is always greater than 1 (// performs floor division).
After discussion with mrocklin a decent strategy for partitioning is to aim for 100MB partition sizes guided by df.memory_usage().sum().compute(). With datasets that fit in RAM the additional work this might involve can be mitigated with use of df.persist() placed at relevant points.
As of Dask 2.0.0 you may call .repartition(partition_size="100MB").
This method performs an object-considerate (.memory_usage(deep=True)) breakdown of partition size. It will join smaller partitions, or split partitions that have grown too large.
Dask's Documentation also outlines the usage.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44657631/strategy-for-partitioning-dask-dataframes-efficiently