MySQL utf8mb4, Errors when saving Emojis

Question

I try to save names from users from a service in my MySQL database. Those names can contain emojis like 🙈😂😱🍰 (just for examples)

After searching a little bit I found this stackoverflow linking to this tutorial. I followed the steps and it looks like everything is configured properly.

I have a Database (charset and collation set to utf8mb4 (_unicode_ci)), a Table called TestTable, also configured this way, as well as a "Text" column, configured this way (VARCHAR(191) utf8mb4_unicode_ci).

When I try to save emojis I get an error:

Example of error for shortcake (🍰):
    Warning: #1300 Invalid utf8 character string: 'F09F8D'
    Warning: #1366 Incorrect string value: '\xF0\x9F\x8D\xB0' for column 'Text' at row 1

The only Emoji that I was able to save properly was the sun ☀️

Though I didn't try all of them to be honest.

Is there something I'm missing in the configuration?

Please note: All tests of saving didn't involve a client side. I use phpmyadmin to manually change the values and save the data. So the proper configuration of the client side is something that I will take care of after the server properly saves emojis.

Another Sidenote: Currently, when saving emojis I either get the error like above, or get no error and the data of Username 🍰 will be stored as Username ????. Error or no error depends on the way I save. When creating/saving via SQL Statement I save with question marks, when editing inline I save with question marks, when editing using the edit button I get the error.

thank you

EDIT 1: Alright so I think I found out the problem, but not the solution. It looks like the Database specific variables didn't change properly.

When I'm logged in as root on my server and read out the variables (global):
Query used: SHOW VARIABLES WHERE Variable_name LIKE 'character\_set\_%' OR Variable_name LIKE 'collation%';

+--------------------------+--------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value              |
+--------------------------+--------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8mb4            |
| character_set_connection | utf8mb4            |
| character_set_database   | utf8mb4            |
| character_set_filesystem | binary             |
| character_set_results    | utf8mb4            |
| character_set_server     | utf8mb4            |
| character_set_system     | utf8               |
| collation_connection     | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |
| collation_database       | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |
| collation_server         | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |
+--------------------------+--------------------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)

For my Database (in phpmyadmin, the same query) it looks like the following:

+--------------------------+--------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value              |
+--------------------------+--------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8               |
| character_set_connection | utf8mb4            |
| character_set_database   | utf8mb4            |
| character_set_filesystem | binary             |
| character_set_results    | utf8               |
| character_set_server     | utf8               |
| character_set_system     | utf8               |
| collation_connection     | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |
| collation_database       | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |
| collation_server         | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |
+--------------------------+--------------------+

How can I adjust these settings on the specific database? Also even though I have the first shown settings as default, when creating a new database I get the second one as settings.

Edit 2:

Here is my my.cnf file:

[client]
port=3306
socket=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
default-character-set = utf8mb4

[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8mb4

[mysqld_safe]
socket=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

[mysqld]
user=mysql
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
port=3306
basedir=/usr
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
tmpdir=/tmp
lc-messages-dir=/usr/share/mysql
log_error=/var/log/mysql/error.log
max_connections=200
max_user_connections=30
wait_timeout=30
interactive_timeout=50
long_query_time=5
innodb_file_per_table
character-set-client-handshake = FALSE
character-set-server = utf8mb4
collation-server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci

!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/

Answer 1

character_set_client, _connection, and _results must all be utf8mb4 for that shortcake to be eatable.

Something, somewhere, is setting a subset of those individually. Rummage through my.cnf and phpmyadmin's settings -- something is not setting all three.

If SET NAMES utf8mb4 is executed, all three set correctly.

The sun shone because it is only 3-bytes - E2 98 80; utf8 is sufficient for 3-byte utf8 encodings of Unicode characters.

Answer 2

It is likely that your service/application is connecting with "utf8" instead of "utf8mb4" for the client character set. That's up to the client application.

For a PHP application see http://php.net/manual/en/function.mysql-set-charset.php or http://php.net/manual/en/mysqli.set-charset.php

For a Python application see https://github.com/PyMySQL/PyMySQL#example or http://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/latest/dialects/mysql.html#mysql-unicode

Also, check that your columns really are utf8mb4. One direct way is like this:

mysql> SELECT character_set_name FROM information_schema.`COLUMNS`  WHERE table_name = "user"   AND column_name = "displayname";
+--------------------+
| character_set_name |
+--------------------+
| utf8mb4            |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

Answer 3

For me, it turned out that the problem lied in mysql client.

mysql client updates my.cnf's char setting on a server, and resulted in unintended character setting.

So, What I needed to do is just to add character-set-client-handshake = FALSE. It disables client setting from disturbing my char setting.

my.cnf would be like this.

[mysqld]
character-set-client-handshake = FALSE
character-set-server = utf8mb4
...

Hope it helps.

Answer 4

ALTER TABLE table_name CHANGE column_name column_name VARCHAR(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL;

example query :

ALTER TABLE `reactions` CHANGE `emoji` `emoji` VARCHAR(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL;

after that , successful able to store emoji in table :

Answer 5

I'm not proud of this answer, because it uses brute-force to clean the input. It's brutal, but it works

function cleanWord($string, $debug = false) {
    $new_string = "";

    for ($i=0;$i<strlen($string);$i++) {
        $letter = substr($string, $i, 1);
        if ($debug) {
            echo "Letter: " . $letter . "<BR>";
            echo "Code: " . ord($letter) . "<BR><BR>";
        }
        $blnSkip = false;
        if (ord($letter)=="146") {
            $letter = "&acute;";
            $blnSkip = true;
        }
        if (ord($letter)=="233") {
            $letter = "&eacute;";
            $blnSkip = true;
        }
        if (ord($letter)=="147" || ord($letter)=="148") {
            $letter = "&quot;";
            $blnSkip = true;
        }
        if (ord($letter)=="151") {
            $letter = "&#8211;";
            $blnSkip = true;
        }
        if ($blnSkip) {
            $new_string .= $letter;
            break;
        }

        if (ord($letter) > 127) {
            $letter = "&#0" . ord($letter) . ";";
        }

        $new_string .= $letter;
    }
    if ($new_string!="") {
        $string = $new_string;
    }
    //optional
    $string = str_replace("\r\n", "<BR>", $string);

    return $string;
}

//clean up the input
$message = cleanWord($message);

//now you can insert it as part of SQL statement
$sql = "INSERT INTO tbl_message (`message`)
VALUES ('" . addslashes($message) . "')";