最近项目需求，研究了laravel的异步队列。官方文档虽然很是详细，但也有些晦涩难懂，在此记录下步骤，供大家参考。
1、修改/config/queue.php文件
<?php
return [
/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Default Queue Connection Name
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| Laravel's queue API supports an assortment of back-ends via a single
| API, giving you convenient access to each back-end using the same
| syntax for every one. Here you may define a default connection.
|
*/
'default' => env('QUEUE_CONNECTION', 'sync'),
/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Queue Connections
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| Here you may configure the connection information for each server that
| is used by your application. A default configuration has been added
| for each back-end shipped with Laravel. You are free to add more.
|
| Drivers: "sync", "database", "beanstalkd", "sqs", "redis", "null"
|
*/
'connections' => [
'sync' => [
'driver' => 'sync',
],
'database' => [
'driver' => 'database',
'table' => 'jobs',
'queue' => 'default',
'retry_after' => 90,
],
'beanstalkd' => [
'driver' => 'beanstalkd',
'host' => 'localhost',
'queue' => 'default',
'retry_after' => 90,
'block_for' => 0,
],
'sqs' => [
'driver' => 'sqs',
'key' => env('AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID'),
'secret' => env('AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY'),
'prefix' => env('SQS_PREFIX', 'https://sqs.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/your-account-id'),
'queue' => env('SQS_QUEUE', 'your-queue-name'),
'region' => env('AWS_DEFAULT_REGION', 'us-east-1'),
],
'redis' => [
'driver' => 'redis',
'connection' => 'default',
'queue' => env('REDIS_QUEUE', 'default'),
'retry_after' => 90,
'block_for' => null,
],
],
/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Failed Queue Jobs
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| These options configure the behavior of failed queue job logging so you
| can control which database and table are used to store the jobs that
| have failed. You may change them to any database / table you wish.
|
*/
'failed' => [
'database' => env('DB_CONNECTION', 'mysql'),
'table' => 'failed_jobs',
],
];
注意：修改.env文件如下参数，设置队列连接默认为数据库连接
QUEUE_CONNECTION=database
2、新建/app/Job/EmailJob.php，此文件为队列主文件
<?php
namespace App\Job;
use Illuminate\Bus\Queueable;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldQueue;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\Dispatchable;
use Illuminate\Queue\InteractsWithQueue;
use Illuminate\Queue\SerializesModels;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log;
use App\Service\EmailService;
class EmailJob implements ShouldQueue
{
use Dispatchable, InteractsWithQueue, Queueable, SerializesModels;
private $content,$to;
public function __construct($content,$to){
$this->content=$content;
$this->to=$to;
}
public function handle(){
$res=false;
$times=0;
while($res!==true && $times<3){
try{
$times++;
$res=EmailService::send($this->content,$this->to);
}catch (\Exception $e){
Log::error(date('Y-m-d h:i:s',time()).' send email error:'.$e->getMessage());
}
}
if($res===true){
Log::info(date('Y-m-d h:i:s',time()).' send email success:');
}
}
}
3、新建/app/Service/EmailJobService.php服务，此文件为封装服务文件，可以不用，直接在使用的地方调用队列。
<?php
namespace App\Service;
use App\Job\EmailJob;
class EmailJobService
{
public static function add($content,$to){
$job=new EmailJob($content,$to);
dispatch($job);
}
}
4、打开终端切换目录进入Laravel项目根目录,执行如下命令，创建队列任务需要的数据表。
php artisan queue:table php artisan queue:failed-table php artisan migrate
5、通过下面这条指令启动队列监听服务，它会自动处理 jobs 表中的队列任务。
php artisan queue:listen
在linux中，如果想让它在后台执行，可以这样：
nohup php artisan queue:listen &
Enjoy it !