terminology

What is the "operator int" function below? What does it do? class INT { int a; public: INT(int ix = 0) { a = ix; } /* Starting here: */ operator int() { return a; } /* End */ INT operator ++(int) { return a++; } }; The bolded code is a conversion operator. (AKA cast operator ) It gives you a way to convert from your custom INT type to another type (in this case, int ) without having to call a special conversion function explicitly. For example, with the convert operator, this code will compile: INT i(1234); int i_2 = i; // this will implicitly call INT::operator int() Without the convert

I have been too used to Imperative Programming which is the usual way of telling the computer to perform step by step the procedure to get the final result. On the other hand, declarative programming just passes the input and expects the output without stating the procedure how it is done. The one I am confused about is Functional Programming. I know Functional Programming is a programming paradigm that treats computation as the evaluation of mathematical functions and avoids state and mutable data and is not a type of declarative language. However, I cannot still comprehend how it can work.

http://www.example.com?foo What's the term for the foo part of the URL? Its the query, or sometimes the query string. To pinch a useful diagram from the URI RFC: foo://example.com:8042/over/there?name=ferret#nose \_/ \______________/\_________/ \_________/ \__/ | | | | | scheme authority path query fragment It's called "query string" as you can see in wikipedia . arx The "foo" part of the URL, as you put is, is referred to as the query. source: http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-3.4 The 'foo' only is called String Parameters of the URL Query Depends on the technology you use. Usually

I've read\heard many times about java containers such as a servlet container, however, I can't seem to find a good definition of what a container is in the enterprise java world. Does anyone know of a good definition of an enterprise java container? Referring more generally to the Container pattern (of which an enterprise Java container could be considered a specialization), the book Server Component Patterns by M.Volter, et al. offers the following: [A CONTAINER provides] an execution environment that is responsible for adding the technical concerns to the COMPONENTS...Conceptually, it wraps

One remotely familiar with windows/dos batch scripting will recognize this line: @echo off For many-many days, I was happy with the sentiment that the @ is how echo off is meant to be written at the top of the batch and that's it. However, recently I've came accross a line like this: @php foo bar and another line like this: @call \\network\folder\batch.bat This reinforced my suspicion that @ has more to it than just echo mode switching. However @ is not listed in the Windows XP: Command-line reference A-Z which I try to use as a reference and thus I'm not sure how to find definitive

I've seen several question on here about exceptions , and some of them hint at interrupts as exceptions , but none make the connection clear. What is an interrupt? What is an exception? (please explain what exceptions are for each language you know, as there are some differences) When is an exception an interrupt and vice-versa? An interupt is a CPU signal generated by hardware, or specific CPU instructions. These cause interupt handlers to be executed. Things such as I/O signals from I/O hardware generate interupts. An exception can be thought of as a software-version of an interupt, that

I notice that most people use the words HTML tags and HTML elements interchangeably. But what is the difference between them? The way I see it is that tags are in the source code and elements are processed tags (by the browser) in the DOM. Am I wrong? 4m01 HTML tag is just opening or closing entity. For example: <p> and </p> are called HTML tags HTML element encompasses opening tag, closing tag, content (optional for content-less tags) Eg: <p>This is the content</p> : This complete thing is called a HTML element Simpal Kumar HTML tags vs. elements vs. attributes HTML elements An element in

I asked this question earlier, and after thinking about the topic some more, I began to wonder where the seemingly fuzzy boundary between the meanings of the terms "statement" and "expression" lies. Are all statements also expressions? Where do the return values in a REPL console come from? They don't always seem to make any intuitive sense. Of course if you type 1+1 , you'll get 2 , but other times it isn't as obvious what the logic is. Given that anything typed into REPL produces some value, does it mean that it can be used in JS source code as both an expression and a standalone statement?

In MySQL database context, what is the difference among these 3 terms: stored procedure; stored routine; stored function. P.S. Build-in functions like those date time functions, weekday() are considered as what? Google is your friend. The first match for "mysql routine function procedure" is this: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/stored-routines-syntax.html A quick summary: A stored routine is either a procedure or a function. A procedure is invoked using a CALL statement and can only pass back values using output variables. A function can be called from inside a statement just like any

I always wondered why Microsoft chose such a strange, search-engine-unfriendly name for such a great platform. Couldn't they have come up with something better? Apparently the codename was NGWS: Microsoft started development on the .NET Framework in the late 1990s originally under the name of Next Generation Windows Services (NGWS). [Wikipedia] Does anyone know why they chose the name .NET? Stanley Siu .NET enabled Microsoft's marketing people to emphasise the "Network"-ing aspect of its technologies, and was also a reaction to the marketing blitz by Sun Microsystems in the late 1990s whose