LoadLibrary Reference Counting
From MSDN : The system maintains a per-process reference count on all loaded modules. Calling LoadLibrary increments the reference count. Where is that reference count stored? The actual windows loader is found in NTDLL.dll's LdrLoadDll function. This function is undocumented, and its internal functionality is subject to change in future versions of windows; only those with access to the windows source code could state for certain what happens behind the scenes. However, wine 's source is available, and you can see where it increments the reference count ; it's stored in the LoadCount member