memory

6.3 The Memory Hierarchy

允我心安 提交于 2020-03-03 13:45:53
存储器的结构 最近在阅读GPU相关文献的时候看到cache相关的术语,上一次看到这些还是在学校里的时候,有些记不清了,翻了下CSAPP复习了下cache line,cache set相关的内容。 Cache的组织 cache分为很多个set,每个set里面有很多个cache line,每个Cache line包含了valid bit和tag bits,这样内存地址从高到低分为三个部分: tags,用来确定set中的哪个cache line set index,用来选择set block offset in cache line,用来在cache line定位内存偏移 三种不同cache layout direct mapped caches 最简单,每个set中只有一个cache line 缺点是当连续访问只有tag不同的多个内存地址时,会导致连续cache miss set associative caches 是两种方案的折中设计 full associative caches 最复杂,只有一个set 缺点是一个set中有很多cache line,找到复合tag的时间复杂度很高,硬件不好设计 来源: https://www.cnblogs.com/hamwj1991/p/12401363.html

LLDB部分指令

时光毁灭记忆、已成空白 提交于 2020-03-03 02:36:25
LLDB部分指令 print、p :打印 po :打印对象 读取内存 memory read 内存地址 (memory read/数量格式字节数 内存地址) (可以简写为) x/数量格式字节数 内存地址 示例:x/3xw 0x10010 格式说明 x :16进制; f :浮点; d :10进制 字节数说明 b :byte 1个字节; h :half word 2字节; w :word 4字节; g :giant word 8字节 修改内存中的值 memory write 内存地址 数值 示例:memory write 0x10010 10 ( lldb ) print student ( Student * ) $ 3 = 0x000000010071f140 ( lldb ) p student ( Student * ) $ 4 = 0x000000010071f140 ( lldb ) po student < Student : 0x10071f140 > ( lldb ) memory read 0x000000010071f140 0x10071f140 : 81 12 00 00 01 80 1 d 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0x10071f150 : 20 f2 71 00

Oracle自动内存管理的几个小问题

99封情书 提交于 2020-03-02 05:56:20
1) 开启了自动内存管理之后,如果有pool的值设置为非0值会怎么处理? 比如,设置了sga_target=10G,但是java_pool_size设置为10m,这时,10m会作为java pool的最少分配内存空间。 If these automatically tuned memory pools had been set to nonzero values, those values are used as minimum levels by Automatic Shared Memory Management. You would set minimum values if an application component needs a minimum amount of memory to function properly. 2) 关闭自动管理后,相关pool的值会被自动设置。 If you dynamically disable SGA_TARGET by setting its value to 0 at instance startup, Automatic Shared Memory Management will be disabled and the current auto-tuned sizes will be used for each memory

解决:virtual memory exhausted: Cannot allocate memor

╄→尐↘猪︶ㄣ 提交于 2020-03-02 04:45:53
问题描述: 购买的Linux服务器,Linux服务器的内存为512MB。 在编译PHP的时候会提示:virtual memory exhausted: Cannot allocate memory,编译失败。 解决方法: 发生该问题的原因是服务器的内存不够,从而导致编译失败。 而购买的Linux服务器,未给你分配虚拟内存,所以可以通过自行增加虚拟内存的方法予以解决: 1 2 3 4 dd if = / dev / zero of = / swap bs = 1024 count = 1M mkswap / swap swapon / swap echo "/swap swap swap sw 0 0" >> / etc / fstab 本文固定链接: http://www.91rhca.com/406.html 来源: oschina 链接: https://my.oschina.net/u/127806/blog/365086

在liunx下经常出现java.net.SocketException: Too many open files错误是什么原因

本小妞迷上赌 提交于 2020-03-01 19:18:26
发布在Tomcat+linux服务器上的项目经常报”java.net.SocketException: Too many open files"的错误,根据错误分析如下 : Linux 系统默认的open files的设置是1024 通过 ulimit -a进行查看。 core file size (blocks, -c) 0 data seg size (kbytes, -d) unlimited file size (blocks, -f) unlimited pending signals (-i) 1024 max locked memory (kbytes, -l) 32 max memory size (kbytes, -m) unlimited open files (-n) 1024 pipe size (512 bytes, -p) 8 POSIX message queues (bytes, -q) 819200 stack size (kbytes, -s) 10240 cpu time (seconds, -t) unlimited max user processes (-u) 16127 virtual memory (kbytes, -v) unlimited file locks (-x) unlimited 访问应用时,操作系统new

Notes of \"Pentium Processor System Architecture\" - The Functional Units & Pentium Cache Overview

跟風遠走 提交于 2020-03-01 08:51:46
1. Pentium Processor has two instruction pipelines: "u" pipeline and "v" pipeline, they can work parallel. 2. Pentium Processor has seperated data cache and code cache to eliminates internal contention 3. There are 2 kinds of cache architectures: look-through cache and look-aside cache, the former one can bring performance benefits by allowing bus concurrency, but take disadvatage of lookup penalty when a cache miss happens. 4. Three write policies exsit to prevent the cache cosistency problem brought by a write hit: Write-Through Cache Designs Buffered Write-Through Cahce Designs(also get

Notes of \"The Unbridged Pentium 4\" - Overview of the Processor Role

安稳与你 提交于 2020-03-01 08:47:33
1. All IA32 processors up to and including the Pentium processor use variable length(1~15bytes) instructions, all IA32 processors starting with the Pentium Pro translate the IA32 instructions into primitive fixed-length instrucitons prior to executing them. These instructions are refered to as micro-ops, or miu-ops. 2. Processor Activities at Startup: Fetches and executes the system's Power-On Self-Test(POST) program from the ROM. Reads the OS loader program from mass storage. Executes the OS loader program which loads the remainder of the OS kernel (Control transfer) Executes the OS kernel

Notes of \"The Unbridged Pentium 4\" - Pentium 4 System Overview

坚强是说给别人听的谎言 提交于 2020-03-01 08:45:09
1. PCI Express the Root Complex plays the role that used to be played by the Memory Control Hub(MCH), or the North Bridge. It also incorporates te system memory controller (rather than residing the system memory controller on FSB). This affects the behavior of snoop of memory access initited by a device adapter (which is under the Root Complex). The graphic adapter(GFX) is connected to the Root Complex, take the place of the AGP. 2. The Boot Strap Processor (BSP) is the processor that starts fetching, decoding and executing instructions at startup time. Taskes: Power-On Self-Test(POST)

How to set memory limit for OOM Killer for chrome?

我是研究僧i 提交于 2020-03-01 05:54:52
问题 chrome invoked oom-killer: gfp_mask=0xd0, order=0, oom_score_adj=300 I'm getting the above error while testing with headless chrome browser + Selenium. 回答1: This error message... chrome invoked oom-killer: gfp_mask=0xd0, order=0, oom_score_adj=300 ...implies that the ChromeDriver controlled Browsing Context i.e. Chrome Browser invoked the OOM Killer due to out-of-memory error. Out of Memory Out of Memory error messages can appear when you attempt to start new programs or you try to use

MySQL性能优化(一):MySQL架构与核心问题

邮差的信 提交于 2020-02-29 17:33:43
一、前言 作为程序员的你,数据库作为一门必修课,而MySQL数据库毫无疑问已经是最常用的数据库了。系统的稳定、高效、高并发等指标,很大程度上取决于数据库性能是否够优,可见性能优化的重要性,这也就不难理解各位在任何一场面试中都会被问及到数据库调优相关的问题。 因此,这就是我为何考虑写该系列文章的主要原因,希望该系列文章( MySQL性能优化 )能够给你带来收获,让你更系统、更全面的掌握MySQL性能优化的技能、技巧。该系列文章将会持续分享、更新,如果觉得现在或者将来可能对你有用,不妨持续关注、收藏。 在MySQL性能优化之前,你有必要重新再认识下MySQL,便于后续更容易理解MySQL性能优化中涉及到的知识点。本文将从MySQL架构、核心问题来针对性展开讨论,这也将是 MySQL性能优化 系列文章的开篇之作。 二、MySQL逻辑架构 想深入探究MySQL之前,有必要了解一下MySQL的逻辑架构,逻辑架构图如下: MySQL的逻辑架构中,分为三层,如上图红色虚线框的三部分。 最上层架构并不是MySQL所独有的,大多数基于客户端/服务器形态的系统或者服务,都有类似的架构,其中包含MySQL的连接处理、授权认证、安全控制等等。 第二层架构是MySQL中最为核心的部分,其中包括查询解析、分析、优化、缓存以及所有的内置函数(如:日期、时间、函数等),所有跨存储引擎的功能都在这一层实现,例如