definition

I've seen references to curried functions in several articles and blogs but I can't find a good explanation (or at least one that makes sense!) Kyle Cronin Currying is when you break down a function that takes multiple arguments into a series of functions that each take only one argument. Here's an example in JavaScript: function add (a, b) { return a + b; } add(3, 4); // returns 7 This is a function that takes two arguments, a and b, and returns their sum. We will now curry this function: function add (a) { return function (b) { return a + b; } } This is a function that takes one argument, a,

This code compiles fine: extern int i = 10; void test() { std::cout << "Hi" << i << std::endl; } While this code gives an error: void test() { extern int i = 10; std::cout << "Hi" << i << std::endl; } error: 'i' has both 'extern' and initializer I read this in C++ Primer : Any declaration that includes an explicit initializer is a definition. We can provide an initializer on a variable defined as extern, but doing so overrides the extern. An extern that has an initializer is a definition. It is an error to provide an initializer on an extern inside a function . Can someone provide an

A heap is a tree data structure where higher levels of the tree always contain greater (or lesser, if it's set up that way) values than lower levels. "The" heap is a bunch of free RAM that a program has available for dynamic allocation. They're both called "heap," but what does the one have to do with the other? Noldorin Nothing much, to be honest. I would imagine that the word heap was simply taken with it's everday (non-technical) usage and applied to these two concepts individually as reasonably good analogies. In the first case (tree data structure meaning), the description heap is most

From External Variables Wiki : If neither the extern keyword nor an initialization value are present, the statement can be either a declaration or a definition. It is up to the compiler to analyse the modules of the program and decide. I was not able to fully grasp the meaning of this statement with respect to C. For example, does it imply that: int i; is not necessarily a declaration (as I have been assuming until now), but could be a definition as well (by definition of Definition & Declaration on the same webpage, no puns intended)? In a nutshell, is the above statement: a. just a

I'm confused by the term asynchronous when related to programming. It seems to mean the opposite in programming terms as what it is defined as in the dictionary. For example, the word synchronous means: occurring at the same time; coinciding in time; contemporaneous; simultaneous. going on at the same rate and exactly together; recurring together. Yet, Wikipedia says: "In programming, asynchronous events are those occurring independently of the main program flow. Asynchronous actions are actions executed in a non-blocking scheme, allowing the main program flow to continue processing." Wouldn't

My assignment asks me to access a test.txt document, so the file name has to be hard coded to my C drive. I have no idea what hardcoding means. Can somebody please help me with this? steveha "hard coding" means putting something into your source code. If you are not hard coding, then you do something like prompting the user for the data, or allow the user to put the data on the command line, or something like that. So, to hard code the location of the file as being on the C: drive, you would just put the pathname of the file all together in your source code. Here is an example. int main() {

I'm a beginner user for Python, but I get confused between literal and variables. This is what I know about a literal: "a"+"b" And variables: sentence="a"+"b" timss A literal is notation for representing a fixed ( const ) value. A variable is storage location associated with a symbolic name (pointed to, if you'd like). It's best explained in use: foo = bar(42) ^ ^ ^ | | |--- literal, 42 is *literally* 42 | |------- function, also represents "something" in memory |------------- variable, named "foo", and the content may vary (is variable) In any programming language a Literal is a constant

When I compile the code below #include<stdio.h> int main() { int a; int a = 10; printf("a is %d \n",a); return 0; } I get an error: test3.c: In function ‘main’: test3.c:6:5: error: redeclaration of ‘a’ with no linkage test3.c:5:5: note: previous declaration of ‘a’ was here But if I make the variable global then it works fine. #include<stdio.h> int a; int a = 10; int main() { printf("a is %d \n",a); return 0; } Why is declaring the same global variable twice not an error, but doing that for a local variable is an error? In C, the statement int a; when made at file scope, is a declaration and a

Either I'm very tired or something weird is happening that I'm not aware of, because the code below is resulting in undefined symbols for Foo::A and Foo::B when linking . This is minimized as much as I could from a larger project, but shows the essence of what I'm looking at. #include <algorithm> struct Foo { static const int A = 1; static const int B = 2; }; int main() { return std::min(Foo::A, Foo::B); } Without the std::min function template it works fine , i.e. just return Foo::A. Also fine is when defining the static ints outside a class/struct (global in this simple case). However, as