artificial-intelligence

Minimax algorithm

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问题 I have a simple question regarding the Minimax algorithm: for example for the tic-tac-toe game, how do I determine the utility function's for each player plays? It doesn't do that automatically, does it? I must hard-code the values in the game, it can't learn them by itself, does it? 回答1: No, a MiniMax does not learn. It is a smarter version of a brute-force tree search. 回答2: Typically you would implement the utility function directly. In this case the algorithm would not learn how to play

Solving the n-queen puzzle

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I have just solved the nqueen problem in python. The solution outputs the total number of solutions for placing n queens on an nXn chessboard but trying it with n=15 takes more than an hour to get an answer. Can anyone take a look at the code and give me tips on speeding up this program...... A novice python programmer. #!/usr/bin/env python2.7 ############################################################################## # a script to solve the n queen problem in which n queens are to be placed on # an nxn chess board in a way that none of the n queens is in check by any other #queen using

Order Crossover (OX) - genetic algorithm

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Can someone explain me how Order Crossover works? I will give this example and I want to understand it in a generic way to implement after. Parent 1 = 1 2 3 | 4 5 6 7 | 8 9 Parent 2 = 4 5 2 | 1 8 7 6 | 9 3 and the solution are two childreen: Children 1 = 2 1 8 | 4 5 6 7 | 9 3 Children 2 = 3 4 5 | 1 8 7 6 | 9 2 I understand some parts but others not. Thanks Matthew Spencer One such solution for Ordered Crossover is detailed in this post . This answer provides some sample java code with documentation detailing the processes used for the Ordered Crossover. Additionally, this paper from Moscato

How to train neural network incrementally in Matlab?

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Suppose I have very big train set so that Matlab hangs while training or there is insufficient memory to hold train set. Is it possible to split the training set into parts and train the network by parts? Is it possible to train the network with one sample at a time (one by one)? You can just manually divide dataset into batches and train them one after one: for bn = 1:num_batches inputs = <get batch bn inputs>; targets = <get batch bn targets>; net = train(net, inputs, targets); end Though batch size should be greater than 1, but anyway that should reduce memory consumtion for training. In

What does dimensionality reduction mean?

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问题 What does dimensionality reduction mean exactly? I searched for its meaning, I just found that it means the transformation of raw data into a more useful form. So what is the benefit of having data in useful form, I mean how can I use it in a practical life (application)? 回答1: Dimensionality Reduction is about converting data of very high dimensionality into data of much lower dimensionality such that each of the lower dimensions convey much more information. This is typically done while

Representing Natural Language as RDF

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问题 How much of the concepts conveyed in natural language is RDF/OWL able to represent? I'm still learning RDF and other semantic technologies, but as I currently understand it, information is typically represented as triples of the form (subject,predicate,object). So I can imagine how the sentence "Bob has a hat" might be represented. However, how would you represent a more complicated sentence like "Bob, over on 42nd street, will have a job at the Mall after the owner approves"? Are there

Python or Ruby for webbased Artificial Intelligence?

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A new web application may require adding Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the future, e.g. using ProLog. I know it can be done from a Java environment, but I am wondering about the opportunities with modern web languages like Ruby or Python. The latter is considered to be "more scientific" (at least used in that environment), but using Google there seems to be a preliminary ProLog implementation for both. Any suggestions on modern (open source) web languages (like Python or Ruby) in combination with AI? The selection of language is completely irrelevant, all other things being equal. If you're

How to implement an artificial neural network in Delphi? [closed]

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问题 Closed . This question needs to be more focused. It is not currently accepting answers. Want to improve this question? Update the question so it focuses on one problem only by editing this post. Closed last year . I want to have an artificial neural network: 42 input neurons 168 hidden neurons 7 output neurons This network is to play the game of "Connect Four". At the end of each game, the network gets feedback (game result / win?). Learning should be done with Temporal Difference Learning.

Difference between Rasa core and Rasa nlu

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问题 I tried to understand about rasa from official documentation of Rasa core and Rasa nlu but not able to deduce much. What I am able to understand is Rasa core is used to guide the flow of conversation while Rasa nlu is to understand and process the text to extract information (entities) Second thing, there are examples to build chatbot in Rasa core as well as Rasa nlu both can be used to build chatbot but couldn't understand what's the difference in two approaches and when to follow which one.

Language requirements for AI development [duplicate]

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问题 This question already has answers here : Closed 9 years ago . Possible Duplicate: Why is Lisp used for AI? What makes a language suitable for Artificial Intelligence development? I've heard that LISP and Prolog are widely used in this field. What features make them suitable for AI? 回答1: Overall I would say the main thing I see about languages "preferred" for AI is that they have high order programming along with many tools for abstraction. It is high order programming (aka functions as first