“undefined reference to `FT_Load_Glyph'” and other SDL2_ttf functions using CMAKE

问题:

Using this CMAKE-file in Clion on Windows 10 (using MinGW 5.0):

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.3) project(ClionProjects)  # configure the SDL (cf. "SDL2-2.0.3\i686-w64-mingw32\lib\pkgconfig\sdl2.pc") # C++ flags set(SDL2_Flags "-mwindows -Wl,--no-undefined -static-libgcc") # library paths set(SDL2_ROOT     "C:/SDL2/i686-w64-mingw32") set(SDL2_Includes "${SDL2_ROOT}/include") set(SDL2_LibDir   "${SDL2_ROOT}/lib") # imported targets for CMake (cf. https://cmake.org/Wiki/CMake/Tutorials/Exporting_and_Importing_Targets) add_library(SDL2     STATIC IMPORTED) add_library(SDL2main STATIC IMPORTED) add_library(SDL2_image STATIC IMPORTED) add_library(SDL2_ttf STATIC IMPORTED) set_property(TARGET SDL2     PROPERTY IMPORTED_LOCATION "${SDL2_LibDir}/libSDL2.a") set_property(TARGET SDL2main PROPERTY IMPORTED_LOCATION "${SDL2_LibDir}/libSDL2main.a") set_property(TARGET SDL2_image PROPERTY IMPORTED_LOCATION "${SDL2_LibDir}/libSDL2_image.a") set_property(TARGET SDL2_ttf PROPERTY IMPORTED_LOCATION "${SDL2_LibDir}/libSDL2_ttf.a") # the libs to link against # note: as always with gcc, the order is important... set(SDL2_Libs mingw32 SDL2 SDL2main m SDL2_image SDL2_ttf dinput8 dxguid dxerr8 user32 gdi32 winmm imm32 ole32 oleaut32 shell32 version uuid)  # configure the project # include the SDL flags set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=c++11 ${SDL2_Flags}") # collect the sources set(SOURCE_FILES         Kod/Graphics/Graphics.cc         Kod/Graphics/Graphics.h         Kod/Game/Game.cc         Kod/Game/Game.h         Kod/Gameboard/Gameboard.cc         Kod/Gameboard/Gameboard.h         Kod/Meeple/Meeple.cc         Kod/Meeple/Meeple.h         Kod/Player/Player.cc         Kod/Player/Player.h         Kod/Resource/Resource.cc         Kod/Resource/Resource.h         Kod/Tile/Tile.cc         Kod/Tile/Tile.h         Kod/Carcassonne.cc) # define the target add_executable(ClionProjects ${SOURCE_FILES} Kod/Carcassonne.cc) # include the SDL headers target_include_directories(ClionProjects SYSTEM PRIVATE ${SDL2_Includes}) # link against the SDL (and its dependencies) target_link_libraries(ClionProjects ${SDL2_Libs})   #set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=c++11 -lSDL2 -lSDL2-image")   #add_executable(ClionProjects ${SOURCE_FILES} Kod/Carcassonne.cc) #target_link_libraries(ClionProjects SDL2main SDL2 SDL2_image) 

I get this error:

C:/SDL2/i686-w64-mingw32/lib/libSDL2_ttf.a(SDL_ttf.o): In function `Load_Glyph': /Users/slouken/release/SDL_ttf/SDL2_ttf-2.0.12-source/foo-x86/../SDL_ttf.c:609: undefined reference to `FT_Load_Glyph' /Users/slouken/release/SDL_ttf/SDL2_ttf-2.0.12-source/foo-x86/../SDL_ttf.c:671: undefined reference to `FT_Outline_Transform' /Users/slouken/release/SDL_ttf/SDL2_ttf-2.0.12-source/foo-x86/../SDL_ttf.c:677: undefined reference to `FT_Get_Glyph' /Users/slouken/release/SDL_ttf/SDL2_ttf-2.0.12-source/foo-x86/../SDL_ttf.c:678: undefined reference to `FT_Stroker_New' /Users/slouken/release/SDL_ttf/SDL2_ttf-2.0.12-source/foo-x86/../SDL_ttf.c:694: undefined reference to `FT_Render_Glyph' /Users/slouken/release/SDL_ttf/SDL2_ttf-2.0.12-source/foo-x86/../SDL_ttf.c:895: undefined reference to `FT_Done_Glyph' /Users/slouken/release/SDL_ttf/SDL2_ttf-2.0.12-source/foo-x86/../SDL_ttf.c:607: undefined reference to `FT_Get_Char_Index' /Users/slouken/release/SDL_ttf/SDL2_ttf-2.0.12-source/foo-x86/../SDL_ttf.c:682: undefined reference to `FT_Stroker_Set' /Users/slouken/release/SDL_ttf/SDL2_ttf-2.0.12-source/foo-x86/../SDL_ttf.c:683: undefined reference to `FT_Glyph_Stroke' /Users/slouken/release/SDL_ttf/SDL2_ttf-2.0.12-source/foo-x86/../SDL_ttf.c:684: undefined reference to `FT_Stroker_Done' /Users/slouken/release/SDL_ttf/SDL2_ttf-2.0.12-source/foo-x86/../SDL_ttf.c:686: undefined reference to `FT_Glyph_To_Bitmap' /Users/slouken/release/SDL_ttf/SDL2_ttf-2.0.12-source/foo-x86/../SDL_ttf.c:688: undefined reference to `FT_Done_Glyph' C:/SDL2/i686-w64-mingw32/lib/libSDL2_ttf.a(SDL_ttf.o): In function `TTF_Init': /Users/slouken/release/SDL_ttf/SDL2_ttf-2.0.12-source/foo-x86/../SDL_ttf.c:340: undefined reference to `FT_Init_FreeType' C:/SDL2/i686-w64-mingw32/lib/libSDL2_ttf.a(SDL_ttf.o): In function `TTF_CloseFont': /Users/slouken/release/SDL_ttf/SDL2_ttf-2.0.12-source/foo-x86/../SDL_ttf.c:927: undefined reference to `FT_Done_Face' C:/SDL2/i686-w64-mingw32/lib/libSDL2_ttf.a(SDL_ttf.o): In function `TTF_OpenFontIndexRW': /Users/slouken/release/SDL_ttf/SDL2_ttf-2.0.12-source/foo-x86/../SDL_ttf.c:432: undefined reference to `FT_Open_Face' /Users/slouken/release/SDL_ttf/SDL2_ttf-2.0.12-source/foo-x86/../SDL_ttf.c:460: undefined reference to `FT_Set_Char_Size' /Users/slouken/release/SDL_ttf/SDL2_ttf-2.0.12-source/foo-x86/../SDL_ttf.c:454: undefined reference to `FT_Set_Charmap' /Users/slouken/release/SDL_ttf/SDL2_ttf-2.0.12-source/foo-x86/../SDL_ttf.c:484: undefined reference to `FT_Set_Pixel_Sizes' C:/SDL2/i686-w64-mingw32/lib/libSDL2_ttf.a(SDL_ttf.o): In function `TTF_SizeUTF8': /Users/slouken/release/SDL_ttf/SDL2_ttf-2.0.12-source/foo-x86/../SDL_ttf.c:1241: undefined reference to `FT_Get_Kerning' C:/SDL2/i686-w64-mingw32/lib/libSDL2_ttf.a(SDL_ttf.o): In function `TTF_RenderUTF8_Solid': /Users/slouken/release/SDL_ttf/SDL2_ttf-2.0.12-source/foo-x86/../SDL_ttf.c:1429: undefined reference to `FT_Get_Kerning' C:/SDL2/i686-w64-mingw32/lib/libSDL2_ttf.a(SDL_ttf.o): In function `TTF_RenderUTF8_Shaded': /Users/slouken/release/SDL_ttf/SDL2_ttf-2.0.12-source/foo-x86/../SDL_ttf.c:1610: undefined reference to `FT_Get_Kerning' C:/SDL2/i686-w64-mingw32/lib/libSDL2_ttf.a(SDL_ttf.o): In function `TTF_RenderUTF8_Blended': /Users/slouken/release/SDL_ttf/SDL2_ttf-2.0.12-source/foo-x86/../SDL_ttf.c:1780: undefined reference to `FT_Get_Kerning' C:/SDL2/i686-w64-mingw32/lib/libSDL2_ttf.a(SDL_ttf.o): In function `TTF_RenderUTF8_Blended_Wrapped': /Users/slouken/release/SDL_ttf/SDL2_ttf-2.0.12-source/foo-x86/../SDL_ttf.c:2048: undefined reference to `FT_Get_Kerning' C:/SDL2/i686-w64-mingw32/lib/libSDL2_ttf.a(SDL_ttf.o): In function `TTF_Quit': /Users/slouken/release/SDL_ttf/SDL2_ttf-2.0.12-source/foo-x86/../SDL_ttf.c:2196: undefined reference to `FT_Done_FreeType' C:/SDL2/i686-w64-mingw32/lib/libSDL2_ttf.a(SDL_ttf.o): In function `TTF_GetFontKerningSize': /Users/slouken/release/SDL_ttf/SDL2_ttf-2.0.12-source/foo-x86/../SDL_ttf.c:2209: undefined reference to `FT_Get_Kerning' C:/SDL2/i686-w64-mingw32/lib/libSDL2_ttf.a(SDL_ttf.o): In function `TTF_GlyphIsProvided': /Users/slouken/release/SDL_ttf/SDL2_ttf-2.0.12-source/foo-x86/../SDL_ttf.c:1138: undefined reference to `FT_Get_Char_Index' collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status CMakeFiles\ClionProjects.dir\build.make:289: recipe for target 'ClionProjects.exe' failed mingw32-make.exe[3]: *** [ClionProjects.exe] Error 1 mingw32-make.exe[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/ClionProjects.dir/all] Error 2 CMakeFiles\Makefile2:66: recipe for target 'CMakeFiles/ClionProjects.dir/all' failed CMakeFiles\Makefile2:78: recipe for target 'CMakeFiles/ClionProjects.dir/rule' failed mingw32-make.exe[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/ClionProjects.dir/rule] Error 2 mingw32-make.exe: *** [ClionProjects] Error 2 makefile:117: recipe for target 'ClionProjects' failed 

I have added SDL2_ttf.dll to system32 and the folder where the executable will be, added SDL2_ttf.h to /include where all the other .h-files for SDL2 is and also added libSDL2_ttf.a to /lib. I don't understand why I would get those errors... I there a problem with the order of my flags?

回答1:

Below is how I work with SDL2, SDL2_ttf, SDL2_mixer, etc. with CLion. This is quite different approache than what you've been doing so far, so please keep that in mind. I'll be using MSYS2 for the POSIX-like environment (instead of MINGW/MSys you are using).

First of, I would start with installing MSYS2. Grab it from http://msys2.github.io/ . Then, depends on the version you have installed, you will get 2 or 3 shortcuts in the start menu.

From now on I'd stick with MINGW-W64-x86_64 version of the toolchain. If you are using the i686 one, replace x86_64 with i686 (and mingw64 with mingw32).

Open the MinGW-w64 Win64 shell shortcut from the start menu. You will be welcome with a bash shell. At this point I'd start with installing the toolchain first. At the prompt, input the below command

pacman -S mingw-w64-x86_64-gcc mingw-w64-x86_64-cmake mingw-w64-x86_64-pkg-config mingw-w64-x86_64-make mingw-w64-x86_64-gdb 

The package manager will then install gcc, cmake, pkg-config, make and gdb for you. This includes all of the dependencies of these tool, so it would take quite a bit.

Then install the libraries by calling below commands at the prompt.:

pacman -S mingw-w64-x86_64-SDL2 mingw-w64-x86_64-SDL2_ttf mingw-w64-x86_64-SDL2_mixer mingw-w64-x86_64-SDL2_image 

pacman (package manager) will download and install these 3 libraries, along with their dependencies.

The steps above is on top of my head. I haven't retested it yet (as I already have working environment). If you run into problems let me know. I might retest it later. Also the step above is applicable for the Arch Linux users too, just replace the package name and you'll be good.

Next up, open the CLion. Go to File->Settings. Choose toolchains under Build, Execution, and Deployment. Then change the MinGW home to the mingw64 under your MSYS2 installation path.

Then everything should be ready.

I will use the FindPkgConfig module to get the linker flags and include flags of each library I use. This module replies on pkg-config command we've installed earlier. In CMakeList.txt, add the following line :

INCLUDE(FindPkgConfig)  pkg_check_modules(SDL2 REQUIRED sdl2) pkg_check_modules(SDL2_IMG REQUIRED SDL2_image) pkg_check_modules(SDL2_TTF REQUIRED SDL2_ttf) pkg_check_modules(SDL2_MIX REQUIRED SDL2_mixer)  include_directories(${SDL2_INCLUDE_DIRS}     ${SDL2_IMG_INCLUDE_DIRS}     ${SDL2_TTF_INCLUDE_DIRS}     ${SDL2_MIX_INCLUDE_DIRS})  link_directories (${SDL2_LIBRARY_DIRS}     ${SDL2_IMG_LIBRARY_DIRS}     ${SDL2_TTF_LIBRARY_DIRS}     ${SDL2_MIX_LIBRARY_DIRS})  target_link_libraries (TestSDL2     ${SDL2_LIBRARIES}     ${SDL2_IMG_LIBRARIES}     ${SDL2_TTF_LIBRARIES}     ${SDL2_MIX_LIBRARIES}) 

Change the TestSDL2 to your executable. You probably have to remove the existing FindSDL or any commands that looks for SDL libraries.

This approach is much cleaner than the custom module. The downside is it is pretty much tied to the system's libraries file (especially if you are using Linux). Also if you have to package the exe file, you will have to look for the dll files inside the MSYS2/mingw64/bin manually (it's not very difficult by the way).

Another possible approach is to include the SDL as subproject. I haven't done this before so I cannot explain.

I think after you're familliar with how this work, you can applies the same approaches to other libraries as well (box2d, for example). You can see the list of available packages at https://github.com/Alexpux/MINGW-packages , the package names have to be modified a little bit by insterting the arch name just before the library names (eg. mingw-w64-x86_64-box2d for mingw-w64-box2d package).

文章来源: “undefined reference to `FT_Load_Glyph'” and other SDL2_ttf functions using CMAKE