Trying to build from the command line, and produce a WAR file

My folder layout is:

/web-inf/web.xml
/web-inf/classes/

HelloWorld.java:

import java.io.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;

public class HelloWorld extends HttpServlet{ 
  public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, 
  HttpServletResponse response)
  throws ServletException,IOException{
  response.setContentType("text/html");
  PrintWriter pw = response.getWriter();
  pw.println("<html>");
  pw.println("<head><title>Hello World</title></title>");
  pw.println("<body>");
  pw.println("<h1>Hello World</h1>");
  pw.println("</body></html>");
  }
}

I want to do the following:

build everything via the command line
publish to Tomcat's webapps directory using a .war file

Where should I put my HelloWorld.java file, and how to compile it using the command line? I believe the output of the HelloWorld.java goes in the /classes/ folder.

Then how do I generate the .war file?

I tried just manually compiling like this:

javac HelloWorld.java

And I got errors relating to the imports i.e. it couldn't find the libraries in my path. Is there a Java EE library I have to download and add it to my path?

Your code depends on the servlet API which is not in the core Java library. You will need to add it to your classpath:

javac -classpath $TOMCAT_HOME/lib/servlet-api.jar yourpackage/HelloWorld.java

WARs share the same file format as JARs (ZIP with UTF-8 filenames.) Generally, you can use ZIP utilities to work with them.

A WAR structure might look like this:

index.html
foo.jsp
WEB-INF/classes/yourpackage/HelloWorld.class
WEB-INF/web.xml

The above assumes you have a package yourpackage; declaration in your .java file. The default package should be avoided.

If this is just a toy project it may not be worth your while, but I suggest that you adopt a serious build tool as keeping track of all the libraries you need is soon going to become an unmanageable task. The one I use is Maven, but there are alternatives.

You must to use jar command and to add dependencies to classpath

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7928654/trying-to-build-from-the-command-line-and-produce-a-war-file

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