Git: Prevent commits in master branch

问题

(For simplicity) I have a master branch and a dev in my Git-repo. I want to ensure the master branch is always working, so all work I do should be in the dev branch.

However, when I merge my changes in with a --no-ff merge, I tend to stay in the master branch, and just continue working in it (because I forget to checkout my dev branch).

Can I put up a rule for the master branch, which states I can\'t do commits, and fast-forward merges, but only --no-ff merges from another branch?

This must work for private hosted repositories (ergo not GitHub and BitBucket).

回答1:

Yes, it is possible. You must create pre-commit hook which rejects commits to master branch. Git doesn't call pre-commit hook when you call merge command, so this hook will be rejecting only regular commits.

Go to your repository.

Create file .git/hooks/pre-commit with following content:

#!/bin/sh

branch="$(git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD)"

if [ "$branch" = "master" ]; then
  echo "You can't commit directly to master branch"
  exit 1
fi

Make it executable (not required on Windows):
```
$ chmod +x .git/hooks/pre-commit
```

To disable fast-forward merges you must also add following option to your .git/config file:

[branch "master"]
    mergeoptions = --no-ff

If you want also protect master branch on your remote, check this answer: How to restrict access to master branch on git

回答2:

It may make sense to install it globally via

git config --global core.hooksPath ~/githooks

and moving that pre-commit file into that directory

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/40462111/git-prevent-commits-in-master-branch

标签

git

merge

fast-forward