Nanopb without callbacks

问题

I'm using Nanopb to try and send protobuf messages from a VxWorks based National Instruments Compact RIO (9025). My cross compilation works great, and I can even send a complete message with data types that don't require extra encoding. What's getting me is the callbacks. My code is cross compiled and called from LabVIEW and the callback based structure of Nanopb seems to break (error out, crash, target reboots, whatever) on the target machine. If I run it without any callbacks it works great.

Here is the code in question:

bool encode_string(pb_ostream_t *stream, const pb_field_t *field, void * const *arg)
{
    char *str = "Woo hoo!";

    if (!pb_encode_tag_for_field(stream, field))
        return false;

    return pb_encode_string(stream, (uint8_t*)str, strlen(str));
}

extern "C" uint16_t getPacket(uint8_t* packet)
{
    uint8_t buffer[256];
    uint16_t packetSize;

    ExampleMsg msg = {};
    pb_ostream_t stream = pb_ostream_from_buffer(buffer, sizeof(buffer));

    msg.name.funcs.encode = &encode_string;

    msg.value = 17;
    msg.number = 18;

    pb_encode(&stream, ExampleMsg_fields, &msg);
    packetSize = stream.bytes_written;

    memcpy(packet, buffer, 256);
    return packetSize;
}

And here's the proto file:

syntax = "proto2"

message ExampleMsg {
    required int32 value = 1;
    required int32 number = 2;
    required string name = 3;
}

I have tried making the callback an extern "C" as well and it didn't change anything. I've also tried adding a nanopb options file with a max length and either didn't understand it correctly or it didn't work either.

If I remove the string from the proto message and remove the callback, it works great. It seems like the callback structure is not going to work in this LabVIEW -> C library environment. Is there another way I can encode the message without the callback structure? Or somehow embed the callback into the getPacket() function?

Updated code:

extern "C" uint16_t getPacket(uint8_t* packet)
{
    uint8_t buffer[256];
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < 256; ++i)
        buffer[i] = 0;

    uint16_t packetSize;

    ExampleMsg msg = {};
    pb_ostream_t stream = pb_ostream_from_buffer(buffer, sizeof(buffer));

    msg.name.funcs.encode = &encode_string;

    msg.value = 17;
    msg.number = 18;
    char name[] = "Woo hoo!";
    strncpy(msg.name, name, strlen(name));

    pb_encode(&stream, ExampleMsg_fields, &msg);
    packetSize = stream.bytes_written;

    memcpy(packet, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
    return packetSize;
}

Updated proto file:

syntax = "proto2"
import "nanopb.proto";   

message ExampleMsg {
    required int32 value = 1;
    required int32 number = 2;
    required string name = 3 [(nanopb).max_size = 40];
}

回答1:

You can avoid callbacks by giving a maximum size for the string field using the option (nanopb).max_size = 123 in the .proto file. Then nanopb can generate a simple char array in the structure (relevant part of documentation).

Regarding why callbacks don't work: just a guess, but try adding extern "C" also to the callback function. I assume you are using C++ there, so perhaps on that platform the C and C++ calling conventions differ and that causes the crash.

Does the VxWorks serial console give any more information about the crash? I don't remember if it does that for functions called from LabView, so running some test code directly from the VxWorks shell may be worth a try also.

回答2:

Perhaps the first hurdle is how the code handles strings.

LabVIEW's native string representation is not null-terminated like C, but you can configure LabVIEW to use a different representation or update your code to handle LabVIEW's native format.

LabVIEW stores a string in a special format in which the first four bytes of the array of characters form a 32-bit signed integer that stores how many characters appear in the string. Thus, a string with n characters requires n + 4 bytes to store in memory.

LabVIEW Help: Using Arrays and Strings in the Call Library Function Node
http://zone.ni.com/reference/en-XX/help/371361L-01/lvexcodeconcepts/array_and_string_options/

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/31344214/nanopb-without-callbacks