Specify NotNull If Method Returns At All

问题

I'm using the new nullable reference types from C# 8 and I was wondering if it is possible to indicate that a parameter passed in is not null if the method returns at all.

I've found [NotNullIf] and [DoesNotReturnIf] but these appear to trigger off a method's return value and a specific bool parameter respectively.

Here is what I currently have:

public static bool RaiseIfNull([NotNullWhen(true)] object? thing) => RaiseIf(() => thing is null);
public static bool RaiseIf(Func<bool> predicate)
{
  if (predicate()) throw new HttpException(400);
  return true;
}

This seems good, but then when I call it - I still see warnings. (I also tried RaiseIfNull([NotNullIfNotNull("thing")] object? thing) and that didn't work.)

[HttpPost("{id}")]
public async Task Etc(string id, [FromBody] Dto data)
{
  HttpException.RaiseIfNull(data?.property);
  await DoEtc(id, data.property)); // warning here
}

Am I missing something obvious?

回答1:

Using a normal null-check

First of all, RaiseIfNull doesn't offer something more than :

var value=data?.property ?? new HttpException(400);

Which the compiler can recognize. RaiseIfNull on the other hand hides what's actually going on. This code doesn't produce a warning:

class D
{
    public string? property{get;set;}
}


D? data=null;
var value=data?.property ?? throw new HttpException(400);
Console.WriteLine(value.Length);

Unconditional Post-Condition and generics

That said, the the correct argument to use is NotNull - after the method executes, the parameter is not null even if the type itself is nullable. That attribute can be applied to :

Parameters
Properties
Fields and
Return values

The methods can be made generic too, to avoid boxing structs into objects. To do that we need to specify whether the type is a class or struct, because the resulting concrete types are very different - a string? is still a string while an int? is a Nullable<int> :

public static bool RaiseIfNull<T>([NotNull] T? thing) 
    where T:class
    => RaiseIf(() => thing is null);

public static bool RaiseIfNull<T>([NotNull] T? thing) 
    where T:struct
    => RaiseIf(() => thing is null);

Given those methods, the following code won't generate a warning either :

D? data=null;
RaiseIfNull(data?.property);
Console.WriteLine(data.property.Length);

Finally, we can get rid of the return value:

public static void RaiseIfNull<T>([NotNull] T? thing) 
    where T:class
    => RaiseIf(() => thing is null);

public static void RaiseIfNull<T>([NotNull] T? thing) 
    where T:struct
    => RaiseIf(() => thing is null);

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/58279704/specify-notnull-if-method-returns-at-all

标签

c#-8.0

nullable-reference-types