上篇文章中,已经完成了基于kubeadm安装的kubernetes集群,本文将基于上述的集群环境,搭建dashboard组件。
安装环境及版本
kubernetes版本及基础组件版本可参考前一篇安装集群环境的文章
dashboard组件:kubernetes-dashboard-v1.10.1
需准备的镜像:
k8s.gcr.io/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.10.1
k8s.gcr.io/heapster-amd64:v1.5.4
k8s.gcr.io/heapster-influxdb-amd64:v1.5.2
k8s.gcr.io/heapster-grafana-amd64:v5.0.4
#!/bin/bash
DASHDOARD_VERSION=v1.10.1
HEAPSTER_VERSION=v1.5.4
GRAFANA_VERSION=v5.0.4
INFLUXDB_VERSION=v1.5.2
username=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
images=(
kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:${DASHDOARD_VERSION}
heapster-grafana-amd64:${GRAFANA_VERSION}
heapster-amd64:${HEAPSTER_VERSION}
heapster-influxdb-amd64:${INFLUXDB_VERSION}
)
for image in ${images[@]}
do
docker pull ${username}/${image}
docker tag ${username}/${image} k8s.gcr.io/${image}
docker rmi ${username}/${image}
done
主节点与个node节点均需要以上镜像:
k8s.gcr.io/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64 v1.10.1 f9aed6605b81 3 months ago 122MB
k8s.gcr.io/heapster-amd64 v1.5.4 72d68eecf40c 8 months ago 75.3MB
k8s.gcr.io/heapster-influxdb-amd64 v1.5.2 eb180058aee0 8 months ago 16.5MB
k8s.gcr.io/heapster-grafana-amd64 v5.0.4 25e1da333f76 8 months ago 171MB
在主节点上准备部署所需的yaml文件:
dashboard项目官方地址:https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard/releases
这是作者自己修改过的yaml文件: https://github.com/chopperchan/k8s-dashboard.git
包含有:
kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
# Copyright 2017 The Kubernetes Authors.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
# Configuration to deploy release version of the Dashboard UI compatible with
# Kubernetes 1.8.
#
# Example usage: kubectl create -f <this_file>
# ------------------- Dashboard Secret ------------------- #
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
namespace: kube-system
type: Opaque
---
# ------------------- Dashboard Service Account ------------------- #
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kube-system
---
# ------------------- Dashboard Role & Role Binding ------------------- #
kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
namespace: kube-system
rules:
# Allow Dashboard to create 'kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder' secret.
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["secrets"]
verbs: ["create"]
# Allow Dashboard to create 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["configmaps"]
verbs: ["create"]
# Allow Dashboard to get, update and delete Dashboard exclusive secrets.
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["secrets"]
resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder", "kubernetes-dashboard-certs"]
verbs: ["get", "update", "delete"]
# Allow Dashboard to get and update 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["configmaps"]
resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-settings"]
verbs: ["get", "update"]
# Allow Dashboard to get metrics from heapster.
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["services"]
resourceNames: ["heapster"]
verbs: ["proxy"]
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["services/proxy"]
resourceNames: ["heapster", "http:heapster:", "https:heapster:"]
verbs: ["get"]
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
namespace: kube-system
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: Role
name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kube-system
---
# ------------------- Dashboard Deployment ------------------- #
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kube-system
spec:
replicas: 1
revisionHistoryLimit: 10
selector:
matchLabels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
template:
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
containers:
- name: kubernetes-dashboard
image: k8s.gcr.io/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.10.1
ports:
- containerPort: 9090
protocol: TCP
args:
#- --auto-generate-certificates
# Uncomment the following line to manually specify Kubernetes API server Host
# If not specified, Dashboard will attempt to auto discover the API server and connect
# to it. Uncomment only if the default does not work.
#- --apiserver-host=http://10.0.1.168:8080
volumeMounts:
- name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
mountPath: /certs
# Create on-disk volume to store exec logs
- mountPath: /tmp
name: tmp-volume
livenessProbe:
httpGet:
scheme: HTTP
path: /
port: 9090
initialDelaySeconds: 30
timeoutSeconds: 30
volumes:
- name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
secret:
secretName: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
- name: tmp-volume
emptyDir: {}
serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard-admin
# Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
tolerations:
- key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
effect: NoSchedule
---
# ------------------- Dashboard Service ------------------- #
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kube-system
spec:
ports:
- port: 9090
targetPort: 9090
selector:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
# ------------------------------------------------------------
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard-external
namespace: kube-system
spec:
ports:
- port: 9090
targetPort: 9090
nodePort: 31666
type: NodePort
selector:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
kubernetes-dashboard-admin.rbac.yaml
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard-admin
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: kubernetes-dashboard-admin
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: cluster-admin
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: kubernetes-dashboard-admin
namespace: kube-system
heapster.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: heapster
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: heapster
namespace: kube-system
spec:
replicas: 1
template:
metadata:
labels:
task: monitoring
k8s-app: heapster
spec:
serviceAccountName: heapster
containers:
- name: heapster
image: k8s.gcr.io/heapster-amd64:v1.5.4
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
command:
- /heapster
- --source=kubernetes:https://kubernetes.default
- --sink=influxdb:http://monitoring-influxdb.kube-system.svc:8086
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
labels:
task: monitoring
# For use as a Cluster add-on (https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/cluster/addons)
# If you are NOT using this as an addon, you should comment out this line.
kubernetes.io/cluster-service: 'true'
kubernetes.io/name: Heapster
name: heapster
namespace: kube-system
spec:
ports:
- port: 80
targetPort: 8082
selector:
k8s-app: heapster
heapster-rbac.yaml
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
name: heapster
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: system:heapster
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: heapster
namespace: kube-system
官方的文件中只包含了kubernetes-dashboard.yaml,且kubernetes在1.6版本以后启用了RBAC访问控制策略,直接使用官方版会出现访问权限不足的报错
此问题可使用kubectl或Kubernetes API进行配置。使用RBAC可以直接授权给用户,让用户拥有授权管理的权限,这样就不再需要直接触碰Master Node。
相关修改为:
kubernetes-dashboard.yaml 中修改 serviceAccountName,外部访问dashboard的方式(本文为token访问)
kubernetes-dashboard-admin(默认为kubernetes-dashboard)
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard-external
namespace: kube-system
spec:
ports:
- port: 9090
targetPort: 9090
nodePort: 31666
type: NodePort
selector:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
在kubernetes-dashboard-admin.rbac.yaml中则是执行了创建kubernetes-dashboard-admin用户并赋予所有权限的命令
PS:yaml中涉及的image版本请根据自己实际情况调整
安装dashboard及相关组件
ll
#以下内容其中grafana和influxdb是作者自己增加的,读者可不用部署
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2314 4月 3 10:02 grafana.yaml
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 264 11月 23 15:19 heapster-rbac.yaml
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1100 4月 3 09:52 heapster.yaml
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 998 4月 3 10:02 influxdb.yaml
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 504 4月 3 10:13 kubernetes-dashboard-admin.rbac.yaml
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5132 4月 3 12:40 kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
#执行安装
kubectl apply -n kube-system -f .
#执行完成后查看pod是否正常运行
kubectl get pod -n kube-system |grep kubernetes-dashboard
kubernetes-dashboard-6cfdc589c7-krfmk 1/1 Running 0 164m
#查看服务暴露的端口号
kubectl get service -n kube-system |grep kubernetes-dashboard
kubernetes-dashboard-external NodePort 10.98.178.105 <none> 9090:31666/TCP 168m
Running状态说明运行正常,直接可通过masterip:端口号访问ui界面。
读者可根据需要修改nodePort参数来修改访问端口。
可能会遇到的问题
访问时出现权限不足
解决方法:
执行本文中的kubernetes-dashboard-admin.rbac.yaml,或读者自行创建serviceAccount,并修改kubernetes-dashboard.yml中serviceAccount参数为你创建的用户名称
来源:oschina
链接:https://my.oschina.net/u/4329448/blog/3516782