概述
NPOI,顾名思义,就是POI的.NET版本。NPOI就是用.NET语言编写的一套数据导出Excel的开源项目,支持XML、xls、xlsx、ppt等格式。.NET不仅实现Excel导出还可以实现Excel导入,读取Excel的数据。
实现
1、通过nuget,添加NPOI组件1.2以上对应的DLL文件;
2、编写如下Nopi封装类,该类实现如下功能点
1> 该类实现数据的超过65535自动分写下一个sheet;
2> 该类实现Web数据导出和文件保存到本地;
3> 该类实现Excel文件的读取导出;
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using System.IO; using System.Text; using NPOI; using NPOI.HPSF; using NPOI.HSSF; using NPOI.HSSF.UserModel; using NPOI.HSSF.Util; using NPOI.POIFS; using NPOI.Util; using System.Data; using NPOI.SS.UserModel; using NPOI.SS.Util; namespace DBI.Web.Common { public class NpoiHelper { /// <summary> /// DataTable导出到Excel文件 /// </summary> /// <param name="dtSource">源DataTable</param> /// <param name="strHeaderText">表头文本</param> /// <param name="strFileName">保存位置</param> public static void Export(DataTable dtSource, string strHeaderText, string strFileName) { using (MemoryStream ms = Export(dtSource, strHeaderText)) { using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(strFileName, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write)) { byte[] data = ms.ToArray(); fs.Write(data, 0, data.Length); fs.Flush(); } } } /// <summary> /// DataTable导出到Excel的MemoryStream,带标题和表头 /// </summary> /// <param name="dtSource">源DataTable</param> /// <param name="strHeaderText">表头文本</param> public static MemoryStream Export(DataTable dtSource, string strHeaderText) { HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(); ISheet sheet = workbook.CreateSheet(string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(dtSource.TableName) ? "Sheet1" : dtSource.TableName); #region 右击文件 属性信息 DocumentSummaryInformation dsi = PropertySetFactory.CreateDocumentSummaryInformation(); dsi.Company = "NPOI"; workbook.DocumentSummaryInformation = dsi; SummaryInformation si = PropertySetFactory.CreateSummaryInformation(); si.Author = "TCL"; //填加xls文件作者信息 si.ApplicationName = "创建程序信息"; //填加xls文件创建程序信息 si.LastAuthor = "最后保存者信息"; //填加xls文件最后保存者信息 si.Comments = "作者信息"; //填加xls文件作者信息 si.Title = "标题信息"; //填加xls文件标题信息 si.Subject = "主题信息";//填加文件主题信息 si.CreateDateTime = DateTime.Now; workbook.SummaryInformation = si; #endregion #region 取得列宽,调整宽度 有待优化,如果数据很多,这个地方就会很耗时 int[] arrColWidth = new int[dtSource.Columns.Count]; foreach (DataColumn item in dtSource.Columns) { arrColWidth[item.Ordinal] = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(item.ColumnName.ToString()).Length; } for (int i = 0; i < dtSource.Rows.Count; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < dtSource.Columns.Count; j++) { int intTemp = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(dtSource.Rows[i][j].ToString()).Length; if (intTemp > arrColWidth[j]) { arrColWidth[j] = intTemp; } } } #endregion var dateStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle(); var format = workbook.CreateDataFormat(); dateStyle.DataFormat = format.GetFormat("yyyy-mm-dd"); var DataCellStyle = CreateBasicCellStyle(workbook); //计算行数,由于Excel 2003最大条数是65535,超过65535自动创建下一个sheet int rowIndex = 0; foreach (DataRow row in dtSource.Rows) { #region 新建表,填充表头,填充列头,样式 if (rowIndex == 65535 || rowIndex == 0) { if (rowIndex != 0) { sheet = workbook.CreateSheet(); } #region 表头及样式 { var headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(0); headerRow.HeightInPoints = 25; headerRow.CreateCell(0).SetCellValue(strHeaderText); ICellStyle headStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle(); headStyle.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center; headStyle.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Center;// 上下居中 headStyle.FillForegroundColor = (short)11; // 设置单元格的背景颜色(单元格的样式会覆盖列或行的样式) IFont font = workbook.CreateFont(); font.FontHeightInPoints = 18; font.Boldweight = 500; headStyle.SetFont(font); headerRow.GetCell(0).CellStyle = headStyle; //合并单元格 sheet.AddMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(0, 0, 0, dtSource.Columns.Count - 1)); } #endregion #region 列头及样式 { IRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(1); ICellStyle headStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle(); headStyle.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center; headStyle.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Center; //定义字体 IFont font = workbook.CreateFont(); font.FontHeightInPoints = 10; font.Boldweight = 700; headStyle.SetFont(font); foreach (DataColumn column in dtSource.Columns) { headerRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal).SetCellValue(column.ColumnName); headerRow.GetCell(column.Ordinal).CellStyle = headStyle; //设置列宽 sheet.SetColumnWidth(column.Ordinal, (arrColWidth[column.Ordinal] + 1) * 256); } } #endregion rowIndex = 2; } #endregion #region 填充内容 IRow dataRow = sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex); foreach (DataColumn column in dtSource.Columns) { ICell newCell = dataRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal); newCell.CellStyle = DataCellStyle; string drValue = row[column].ToString(); switch (column.DataType.ToString()) { case "System.String"://字符串类型 newCell.SetCellValue(drValue); break; case "System.DateTime"://日期类型 DateTime dateV; DateTime.TryParse(drValue, out dateV); newCell.SetCellValue(dateV); newCell.CellStyle = dateStyle;//格式化显示 break; case "System.Boolean"://布尔型 bool boolV = false; bool.TryParse(drValue, out boolV); newCell.SetCellValue(boolV); break; case "System.Int16"://整型 case "System.Int32": case "System.Int64": case "System.Byte": int intV = 0; int.TryParse(drValue, out intV); newCell.SetCellValue(intV); break; case "System.Decimal"://浮点型 case "System.Double": double doubV = 0; double.TryParse(drValue, out doubV); newCell.SetCellValue(doubV); break; case "System.DBNull"://空值处理 newCell.SetCellValue(""); break; default: newCell.SetCellValue(""); break; } } #endregion rowIndex++; } using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream()) { workbook.Write(ms); ms.Flush(); ms.Position = 0; return ms; } } /// <summary> /// 用于Web导出 /// </summary> /// <param name="dtSource">源DataTable</param> /// <param name="strHeaderText">表头文本</param> /// <param name="strFileName">文件名</param> public static void ExportByWeb(DataTable dtSource, string strHeaderText, string strFileName) { HttpContext curContext = HttpContext.Current; // 设置编码和附件格式 curContext.Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel"; curContext.Response.ContentEncoding = Encoding.UTF8; curContext.Response.Charset = ""; curContext.Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(strFileName, Encoding.UTF8)); curContext.Response.BinaryWrite(Export(dtSource, strHeaderText).GetBuffer()); curContext.Response.End(); } /// <summary>读取excel /// 默认第一行为标头,Exel导出Table数据 /// </summary> /// <param name="strFileName">excel文档路径</param> /// <returns></returns> public static DataTable Import(string strFileName) { DataTable dt = new DataTable(); HSSFWorkbook hssfworkbook; using (FileStream file = new FileStream(strFileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read)) { hssfworkbook = new HSSFWorkbook(file); } ISheet sheet = hssfworkbook.GetSheetAt(0); System.Collections.IEnumerator rows = sheet.GetRowEnumerator(); IRow headerRow = sheet.GetRow(0); int cellCount = headerRow.LastCellNum; for (int j = 0; j < cellCount; j++) { ICell cell = headerRow.GetCell(j); dt.Columns.Add(cell.ToString()); } for (int i = (sheet.FirstRowNum + 1); i <= sheet.LastRowNum; i++) { IRow row = sheet.GetRow(i); DataRow dataRow = dt.NewRow(); for (int j = row.FirstCellNum; j < cellCount; j++) { if (row.GetCell(j) != null) dataRow[j] = row.GetCell(j).ToString(); } dt.Rows.Add(dataRow); } return dt; } private static HSSFCellStyle CreateBasicCellStyle(HSSFWorkbook workbook) { var cellStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle() as HSSFCellStyle; cellStyle.BorderLeft = BorderStyle.Thin; cellStyle.BorderRight = BorderStyle.Thin; cellStyle.BorderTop = BorderStyle.Thin; cellStyle.BorderBottom = BorderStyle.Thin; cellStyle.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center; cellStyle.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Center; return cellStyle; } } }
参考文档
NPOI导出Excel表功能实现(多个工作簿) http://www.cnblogs.com/zhengjuzhuan/archive/2010/02/01/1661103.html
NET使用NPOI组件将数据导出Excel-通用方法 http://www.tuicool.com/articles/eq6FRb
NET NPOI导出Excel详解 http://www.cnblogs.com/yinrq/p/5590970.html
基于NPOI的自定义样式报表引擎——ExcelReport http://www.cnblogs.com/hanzhaoxin/p/4232572.html
来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/xibei666/p/6139047.html