Sphinx's autodoc's automodule having apparently no effect

问题

I am running Sphinx on a rst file containing automodule but it does not seem to have any effect.

Here are the details: I have a Python project with a file agent.py containing a class Agent in it. I also have a subdirectory apidoc with a file agent.rst in it (generated by sphinx-apidoc):

agent module
============

.. automodule:: agent
   :members:
   :undoc-members:
   :show-inheritance:

I run sphinx with sphinx-build -b html apidoc apidoc/_build with the project's directory as the current working directory.

To make sure the Python files are found, I've included the following in apidoc/conf.py:

import os
import sys
sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath('.'))

It runs without errors but when I open the resulting HTML file it only shows "agent module" and everything is blank. Why isn't it showing the class Agent and its members?

Update: the original problem was likely caused by the fact that I had not included sphinx.ext.autodoc in conf.py. Now that I did, though, I get warnings like:

WARNING: invalid signature for automodule ('My Project.agent')
WARNING: don't know which module to import for autodocumenting 'My Project.agent' (try placing a "module" or "currentmodule" directive in the document, or giving an explicit module name)
WARNING: autodoc: failed to import module 'agent'; the following exception was raised:
No module named 'agent'

回答1:

I'll try answering by putting the "canonical" approach side-by-side with your case.

The usual "getting started approach" follows these steps:

1. create a doc directory in your project directory (it's from this directory the commands in the following steps are executed).

2. sphinx-quickstart (choosing separate source from build).

3. sphinx-apidoc -o ./source ..

4. make html

This would yield the following structure:

C:\Project
|
|   agent.py
|   
|---docs
|   |   make.bat
|   |   Makefile
|   |   
|   |---build
|   |               
|   |---source
|       |   conf.py
|       |   agent.rst
|       |   index.rst
|       |   modules.rst

In your conf.py you'd add (after step 2):

sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath(os.path.join('..', '..')))

and in index.rst you'd link modules.rst:

Welcome to Project's documentation!
================================

.. toctree::
   :maxdepth: 2
   :caption: Contents:

   modules


Indices and tables
==================

* :ref:`genindex`
* :ref:`modindex`
* :ref:`search`

---

---

Now compare the above with what you have - from what you shared in your question:

C:\Project
|
|   agent.py
|   
|---apidoc
|   |   agent.rst
|   |   conf.py
|   |
|   |-- _build

You ran: sphinx-build -b html apidoc apidoc/_build

and in your conf.py:

sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath('.'))

---

---

Your error stacktrace says it couldn't find the module agent. That's probably because you didn't go 1 level down in your conf.py (it's pointing to the path with .rst, not the path with .py), this should work: sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath('..')). Also, if you didn't manually edit/connect your modules.rst in your index.rst you are likely to only see that module.

---

---

You may care to notice the signatures of the sphinx commands at play:

sphinx-apidoc [OPTIONS] -o <OUTPUT_PATH> <MODULE_PATH>

sphinx-build [options] <sourcedir> <outputdir> [filenames …]

<sourcedir> refers to where .rst are, and <MODULE_PATH> to where .py are. <OUTPUT_PATH> to where .rst are placed, and <outputdir> to where .html are placed.

Please also notice, you mentioned: "the project's directory as the current working directory." I've seen "working directory" mentioned in sphinx threads on stackoverflow, interchangeably as both the Project base directory, or the docs directory. However, if you search the Sphinx documentation for "working directory" you'll find no mention of it.

Finally, there is an advantage to using the file/directory structure of the "getting started approach". It basically "puts you on the same page" with most threads on the Sphinx tag, and that way alleviates the mental work of mapping the cases to different directory/file structures.

I hope this helps.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/59903051/sphinxs-autodocs-automodule-having-apparently-no-effect