Asynchronously delay JS until a condition is met

问题

I have a class, ChatRoom, that can only render after it receives a long-running HTTP request (it could take 1 second or 30 seconds). So I need to delay rendering until ChatRoom.json is not null.

In the code below, I'm using Closure Library's goog.async.ConditionalDelay. It works, but is there a better way (maybe without needing Closure Library) to do this?

ChatRoom.prototype.json = null; // received after a long-running HTTP request.

ChatRoom.prototype.render = function() {
    var thisChatRoom = this;

    function onReady() {
        console.log("Received JSON", thisChatRoom.json);
        // Do rendering...
    }

    function onFailure() {
        alert('Sorry, an error occurred. The chat room couldn\'t open');
    }

    function isReady() {
        if (thisChatRoom.json != null) {
            return true;
        }
        console.log("Waiting for chat room JSON...");
        return false;
    }

    // If there is a JSON request in progress, wait until it completes.
    if (isReady()) {
        onReady();
    } else {
        var delay = new goog.async.ConditionalDelay(isReady);
        delay.onSuccess = onReady;
        delay.onFailure = onFailure;
        delay.start(500, 5000);
    }
}

Note that "while (json == null) { }" isn't possible because that would be synchronous (blocking all other JS execution).

回答1:

Consider this:

(function wait() {
    if ( chatroom.json ) {
        chatroom.render();
    } else {
        setTimeout( wait, 500 );
    }
})();

This will check every half second.

Live demo: http://jsfiddle.net/kBgTx/

回答2:

You could also achieve this using lodash's debouncer with recursion.

import _debounce from 'lodash/debounce';

const wait = (() => {
    if ( chatroom.json ) {
        chatroom.render();
    } else {
      _debounce(wait, 500)();
    }
})();

回答3:

The answer I came up with is like this:

var count = 0;
// Number of functions that need to run. This can be dynamically generated
// In this case I call check(data, cb) a total of 3 times
var functionNum = 3; 
function toCallAfter(){
    console.log('I am a delayed function');
}

I had this for a check function that ran once regularly and twice in a loop:

check(data, function(err){ // check is my asynchronous function to check data integrity
    if (err){
        return cb(null, { // cb() is the return function for the containing function
            errCode: 'MISSINGINFO',
            statusCode: 403,
            message : 'All mandatory fields must be filled in'
        });
    } // This part here is an implicit else
    count++; // Increment count each time required functions complete to
             // keep track of how many function have completed
    if (count === functionNum) {
        return anon();
    }
    return;
});
// Run twice more in a loop
for(var i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
    check(data, function(err) { // calls check again in a loop
        if (err){
            return cb(null, {
                errCode: 'MISSINGINFO',
                statusCode: 403,
                message : 'All mandatory fields must be filled in'
            });
        }
        count++;
        if (count === functionNum) {
            return toCallAfter();
        }
        return;
    });
}

Lastly, I'd like to point out a significant performance fault in the alternate (and extraordinarily common) answer:

(function wait() {
    if ( chatroom.json ) {
        chatroom.render();
    } else {
        setTimeout( wait, 500 );
    }
})();

In this case, you are essentially holding the browser or server (If using node.js) hostage for 500 milliseconds for every check which is an incredibly long time for a computer. Meaning a huge performance hit. My solution of directly keeping track of the required completed functions is free from time restraints and will run instantly as soon as all functions complete.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7559386/asynchronously-delay-js-until-a-condition-is-met