Interpreting the verbose output of ptxas, part I

问题

I am trying to understand resource usage for each of my CUDA threads for a hand-written kernel.

I compiled my kernel.cu file to a kernel.o file with nvcc -arch=sm_20 -ptxas-options=-v

and I got the following output (passed through c++filt):

ptxas info    : Compiling entry function 'searchkernel(octree, int*, double, int, double*, double*, double*)' for 'sm_20'
ptxas info    : Function properties for searchkernel(octree, int*, double, int, double*, double*, double*)
    72 bytes stack frame, 0 bytes spill stores, 0 bytes spill loads
ptxas info    : Used 46 registers, 176 bytes cmem[0], 16 bytes cmem[14]

Looking at the output above, is it correct to say that

• each CUDA thread is using 46 registers?
• there is no register spilling to local memory?

I am also having some issues with understanding the output.

• My kernel is calling a whole lot of __device__ functions. IS 72 bytes the sum-total of the memory for the stack frames of the __global__ and __device__ functions?

• What is the difference between 0 byte spill stores and 0 bytes spill loads

• Why is the information for cmem (which I am assuming is constant memory) repeated twice with different figures? Within the kernel I am not using any constant memory. Does that mean the compiler is, under the hood, going to tell the GPU to use some constant memory?

_{This question is "continued" in: Interpreting the verbose output of ptxas, part II}

回答1:

• Each CUDA thread is using 46 registers? Yes, correct
• There is no register spilling to local memory? Yes, correct
• Is 72 bytes the sum-total of the memory for the stack frames of the __global__ and __device__ functions? Yes, correct
• What is the difference between 0 byte spill stores and 0 bytes spill loads?
  • Fair question, the loads could be greater than the stores since you could spill a computed value, load it once, discard it (i.e. store something else into that register) then load it again (i.e. reuse it). Update: note also that the spill load/store count is based on static analysis as described by @njuffa in the comments below
• Why is the information for cmem (which I am assuming is constant memory) repeated twice with different figures? Within the kernel I am not using any constant memory. Does that mean the compiler is, under the hood, going to tell the GPU to use some constant memory?
  • Constant memory is used for a few purposes including __constant__ variables and kernel arguments, different "banks" are used, that starts to get a bit detailed but as long as you use less than 64KB for your __constant__ variables and less than 4KB for kernel arguments you will be ok.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12388207/interpreting-the-verbose-output-of-ptxas-part-i