问题
I use Python 3.6 in an anaconda environment. I installed GDBM with
conda install gdbm
The installation went well, however I can't use dbm.gnu from Python:
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_gdbm'
It seams that Python doesn't include the _gdbm module, even if GDBM is actually installed.
Is this a known problem? How can I fix it?
Thanks!
回答1:
I faced this issue as well. This is probably not the ideal way, but it works. I did the following to resolve this -
sudo apt-get install python3-gdbm
This installs the gdbm library for python3, however since apt-get and anaconda are two independent package managers; this isn't going to solve your problem. We primarily do this to get a hold of the .so shared library which we will place in the right folder in our anaconda installation. Next we find the location of the .so file using -
dpkg -L python3-gdbm
This gives us the following output -
/.
/usr
/usr/lib
/usr/lib/python3.5
/usr/lib/python3.5/lib-dynload
/usr/lib/python3.5/lib-dynload/_gdbm.cpython-35m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
/usr/share
/usr/share/doc
/usr/share/doc/python3-gdbm
/usr/share/doc/python3-gdbm/copyright
/usr/share/doc/python3-gdbm/changelog.Debian.gz
/usr/share/doc/python3-gdbm/README.Debian
The file we require is here -
/usr/lib/python3.5/lib-dynload/_gdbm.cpython-35m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
Copy this file to the lib-dynload folder of your anaconda installation; for me this was -
cp /usr/lib/python3.5/lib-dynload/_gdbm.cpython-35m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so /home/username/anaconda3/lib/python3.5/lib-dynload
Note, that this will only work if the directory the .so was copied to is in python's sys.path. To find the correct directory to copy to, assuming you're inside the activated conda environment, run:
python -c 'import sys; [print(x) for x in sys.path if "lib-dynload" in x]'
For example, in my case, the directory was inside the environment path and not in the anaconda main library. ~/anaconda3/envs/myenvname/lib/python3.7/lib-dynload
Now try importing the module in python -
from _gdbm import *
or testing it from the command line:
python -m dbm.gnu
This should have fixed your problem.
Please note, mine is an Ubuntu-16.06 OS and my python version is 3.5.2. The .so file may work with python3.6 as well, if not you can try installing python3.6-gdbm, although a quick search for ubuntu 16.04 didn't give me any results.
回答2:
Although the question is for Python3, I got here while trying to install gdbm on Python2 so I post my answer as it may be useful for others. The correct command was conda install python-gdbm. Although conda install gdbm went through, the module couldn't be imported. As per here, however, this may not work for Python3.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/49113718/gdbm-doesnt-work-with-python-3-6-and-anaconda