问题
I have an array of three element like [31,23,12] and I want to find the second largest element and its related position without rearranging the array.
Example :
array = [21,23,34]
Second_largest = 23;
Position is = 1;
回答1:
Make a clone of your original array using .slice(0) like :
var temp_arr = arr.slice(0);
Then sor it so you get the second largest value at the index temp_arr.length - 2 of your array :
temp_arr.sort()[temp_arr.length - 2]
Now you could use indexOf() function to get the index of this value retrieved like :
arr.indexOf(second_largest_value);
var arr = [23, 21, 34, 34];
var temp_arr = [...new Set(arr)].slice(0); //clone array
var second_largest_value = temp_arr.sort()[temp_arr.length - 2];
var index_of_largest_value = arr.indexOf(second_largest_value);
console.log(second_largest_value);
console.log(index_of_largest_value);回答2:
You could create a copy of the original array using spread and sort() it. From you'd just get the second to last number from the array and use indexOf to reveal it's index.
const array = [21,23,34];
const arrayCopy = [...array];
const secondLargestNum = arrayCopy.sort()[arrayCopy.length - 2]
console.log(array.indexOf(secondLargestNum));Alternatively you can use concat to copy the array if compatibility is an issue:
var array = [21, 23, 34];
var arrayCopy = [].concat(array);
var secondLargestNum = arrayCopy.sort()[arrayCopy.length - 2]
console.log(array.indexOf(secondLargestNum));回答3:
This way is the most verbose, but also the most algorithmically efficient. It only requires 1 pass through the original array, does not require copying the array, nor sorting. It is also ES5 compliant, since you were asking about supportability.
var array = [21,23,34];
var res = array.reduce(function (results, curr, index) {
if (index === 0) {
results.largest = curr;
results.secondLargest = curr;
results.indexOfSecondLargest = 0;
results.indexOfLargest = 0;
}
else if (curr > results.secondLargest && curr <= results.largest) {
results.secondLargest = curr;
results.indexOfSecondLargest = index;
}
else if (curr > results.largest) {
results.secondLargest = results.largest;
results.largest = curr;
results.indexOfSecondLargest = results.indexOfLargest;
results.indexOfLargest = index;
}
return results;
}, {largest: -Infinity, secondLargest: -Infinity, indexOfLargest: -1, indexOfSecondLargest: -1});
console.log("Second Largest: ", res.secondLargest);
console.log("Index of Second Largest: ", res.indexOfSecondLargest);回答4:
I recently came across this problem, but wasn't allowed to use looping. I managed to get it working using recursion and since no one else suggested that possibility, I decided to post it here. :-)
let input = [29, 75, 12, 89, 103, 65, 100, 78, 115, 102, 55, 214]
const secondLargest = (arr, first = -Infinity, second = -Infinity, firstPos = -1, secondPos = -1, idx = 0) => {
arr = first === -Infinity ? [...arr] : arr;
const el = arr.shift();
if (!el) return { second, secondPos }
if (el > first) {
second = first;
secondPos = firstPos;
first = el;
firstPos = idx;
} if (el < first && el > second) {
second = el;
secondPos = idx;
}
return secondLargest(arr, first, second, firstPos, secondPos, ++idx);
}
console.log(secondLargest(input));
// {
// second: 115,
// secondPos: 8
// }
Hope this helps someone in my shoes some day.
回答5:
Just to get 2nd largest number-
arr = [21,23,34];
secondLargest = arr.slice(0).sort(function(a,b){return b-a})[1];
To get 2nd largest number with index in traditional manner-
arr = [20,120,111,215,54,78];
max = -Infinity;
max2 = -Infinity;
indexMax = -Infinity;
index2 = -Infinity;
for(let i=0; i<arr.length; i++) {
if(max < arr[i]) {
index2 = indexMax;
indexMax = i;
max2 = max;
max = arr[i];
} else if(max2 < arr[i]) {
index2 = i;
max2 = arr[i];
}
}
console.log(`index: ${index2} and max2: ${max2}`);
回答6:
var elements = [21,23,34]
var largest = -Infinity
// Find largest
for (var i=0; i < elements.length; i++) {
if (elements[i] > largest) largest = elements[i]
}
var second_largest = -Infinity
var second_largest_position = -1
// Find second largest
for (var i=0; i < elements.length; i++) {
if (elements[i] > second_largest && elements[i] < largest) {
second_largest = elements[i]
second_largest_position = i
}
}
console.log(second_largest, second_largest_position)
回答7:
Simple recursive function to find the n-largest number without permutating any array:
EDIT: Also works in case of multiple equal large numbers.
let array = [11,23,34];
let secondlargest = Max(array, 2);
let index = array.indexOf(secondlargest);
console.log("Number:", secondlargest ,"at position", index);
function Max(arr, nth = 1, max = Infinity) {
let large = -Infinity;
for(e of arr) {
if(e > large && e < max ) {
large = e;
} else if (max == large) {
nth++;
}
}
if(nth==0) return max;
return Max(arr, nth-1, large);
}回答8:
/* we can solve it with recursion*/
let count = 0; /* when find max then count ++ */
findSecondMax = (arr)=> {
let max = 0; /* when recursive function call again max will reinitialize and we get latest max */
arr.map((d,i)=>{
if(d > max) {
max = d;
}
if(i == arr.length -1) count++;
})
/* when count == 1 then we got out max so remove max from array and call recursively again with rest array so now count will give 2 here we go with 2nd max from array */
return count == 1 ? findSecondMax(arr.slice(0,arr.indexOf(max)).concat(arr.slice(arr.indexOf(max)+1))) : max;
}
console.log(findSecondMax([1,5,2,3]))
回答9:
I tried to make the answer as simple as possible here, you can it super simple
function getSecondLargest(nums) {
var flarge = 0;
var slarge = 0;
for (var i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
if (flarge < nums[i]) {
slarge = flarge;
flarge = nums[i];
} else if (slarge < nums[i]) {
if (nums[i]!=flarge){
slarge = nums[i];
}
}
}
return slarge;
}
Its fully logical ,there is no array sort or reverse here, you can also use this when values are duplicate in aray.
回答10:
function getSecondLargest(nums) {
// Complete the function
var a = nums.sort();
var max = Math.max(...nums);
var rev = a.reverse();
for(var i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
if (rev[i] < max) {
return rev[i];
}
}
}
var nums = [2,3,6,6,5];
console.log( getSecondLargest(nums) );
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/47685086/find-the-second-largest-number-in-array