How to disambiguate vim commands from shell commands

问题

From How to easily escape a command-line filter:

And actually, this has been a bit of an XY problem. I'll have to post the original problem in a different question, though, because the Y question is really interesting and I would like to know. I'll post a link to the X question in the comments.

This is the "X" question.

I had thought that by figuring out how to escape the %, I would solve the problem, but it turns out Vim's behavior goes deeper than I had thought. And that is that apparently, Vim has some special meaning for | in its own scripting language, which complicates things:

:nmap L :r !ls | awk '{printf "\"\%s\"\n", $0}'<CR>

Expected result:

Pressing L fills the buffer with the output of ls, with each line quoted.

Actual result:

E492: Not an editor command:  awk '{printf "\"\%s\"\n", $0}')<CR>

Vim seems to think by awk, I mean a vim command, rather than a shell command. How do I disambiguate this? I have tried many combinations, including surrounding the filter with a subshell, and putting a ! in front of awk as well, but...

Subshell:

:nmap L :r !(ls | awk '{printf "\"\%s\"\n", $0}')<CR>
E492: Not an editor command:  awk '{printf "\"\%s\"\n", $0}')<CR>

Subshell + !awk:

:nmap L :r !(ls | !awk '{printf "\"\%s\"\n", $0}')<CR>
[No write since last change]
/bin/bash: -c: line 0: syntax error near unexpected token `)'
/bin/bash: -c: line 0: `awk '{printf "\"%s\"\n", $0}')<CR>'    
shell returned 1    
Press ENTER or type command to continue
L
:r !(ls

!awk without subshell:

:nmap L :r !ls | !awk '{printf "\"\%s\"\n", $0}'<CR>
[No write since last change]
/bin/bash: -c: line 0: syntax error near unexpected token `newline'
/bin/bash: -c: line 0: `awk '{printf "\"%s\"\n", $0}'<CR>'
shell returned 1
Press ENTER or type command to continue
L
:r !ls

I'm speechless.

回答1:

Ryan helpfully pointed out that I didn't try escaping the pipe. Something that had entirely slipped my mind:

:nmap L :r !ls \| awk '{printf "\"\%s\"\n", $0}'<CR>
               ^

It worked.

Now if we could just solve that Y problem, I would be a happy camper.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/49619411/how-to-disambiguate-vim-commands-from-shell-commands

标签

vim

filter

escaping