Python: Assigning # values in a list to bins, by rounding up

问题

I want a function that can take a series and a set of bins, and basically round up to the nearest bin. For example:

my_series = [ 1, 1.5, 2, 2.3,  2.6,  3]
def my_function(my_series, bins):
    ...

my_function(my_series, bins=[1,2,3])
> [1,2,2,3,3,3]

This seems to be very close to what Numpy's Digitize is intended to do, but it produces the wrong values (asterisks for wrong values):

np.digitize(my_series, bins= [1,2,3], right=False)
> [1, 1*, 2, 2*, 2*, 3]

The reason why it's wrong is clear from the documentation:

Each index i returned is such that bins[i-1] <= x < bins[i] if bins is monotonically increasing, or bins[i-1] > x >= bins[i] if bins is monotonically decreasing. If values in x are beyond the bounds of bins, 0 or len(bins) is returned as appropriate. If right is True, then the right bin is closed so that the index i is such that bins[i-1] < x <= bins[i] or bins[i-1] >= x > bins[i]`` if bins is monotonically increasing or decreasing, respectively.

I can kind of get closer to what I want if I enter in the values decreasing and set "right" to True...

np.digitize(my_series, bins= [3,2,1], right=True)
> [3, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1]

but then I'll have to think of a way of basically methodically reversing the lowest number assignment (1) with the highest number assignment (3). It's simple when there are just 3 bins, but will get hairier when the number of bins get longer..there must be a more elegant way of doing all this.

回答1:

We can simply use np.digitize with its right option set as True to get the indices and then to extract the corresponding elements off bins, bring in np.take, like so -

np.take(bins,np.digitize(a,bins,right=True))

回答2:

I believe np.searchsorted will do what you want:

Find the indices into a sorted array a such that, if the corresponding elements in v were inserted before the indices, the order of a would be preserved.

In [1]: my_series = [1, 1.5, 2, 2.3, 2.6, 3]

In [2]: bins = [1,2,3]

In [3]: import numpy as np

In [4]: [bins[k] for k in np.searchsorted(bins, my_series)]
Out[4]: [1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3]

(As of numpy 1.10.0, digitize is implemented in terms of searchsorted.)

回答3:

Another way would be:

In [25]: def find_nearest(array,value):
    ...:     idx = (np.abs(array-np.ceil(value))).argmin()
    ...:     return array[idx]
    ...: 

In [26]: my_series = np.array([ 1, 1.5, 2, 2.3,  2.6,  3])

In [27]: bins = [1, 2, 3]

In [28]: [find_nearest(bins, x) for x in my_series]
Out[28]: [1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3]

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/39382594/python-assigning-values-in-a-list-to-bins-by-rounding-up