Weighted Shuffle of an Array or Arrays?

问题

What is a good algorithm that shuffles an array or arrays using weights from the nested arrays?

Example:

$array = array(
  array("name"=>"John", "rank"=>3),
  array("name"=>"Bob", "rank"=>1),
  array("name"=>"Todd", "rank"=>8),
  array("name"=>"Todd", "rank"=>14),
  array("name"=>"Todd", "rank"=>4)
);

I want the array randomly shuffled but I want the rank value to be a weight. So those with a low number rank are more likely to be at the top of the list.

I've experimented with a few things, like iterating through the array and pulling out arrays chosen using mt_rand(mt_rand(0,$value),$value) but I don't think I'm on the right track...

回答1:

I was able to solve this problem like so:

function compare($a, $b)
{
  $share_of_a = $a['rank'];
  $share_of_b = $b['rank'];
  return mt_rand(0, ($share_of_a+$share_of_b)) > $share_of_a ? 1 : -1;
}

usort($array, "compare"); // Sort the array using the above compare function when comparing
$array = array_reverse($array);

回答2:

You can try something like this:

function weightedshuffle ($a, $b) {
    return rand(0, $a['rank'] + $b['rank']) <= $a['rank'];
}

usort($data, 'weightedshuffle');

回答3:

Since this question is first on google while searching php array weighted shuffle and accepted answer doesn't solve it - here is the solution, based on some algorithm i found.

Pretty fast (for PHP), probability distribution is also tested and correct

<?php

/**
 * Input can be specified as basic array or array of arrays:
 * - array = [key1 => weight1, key2 => weight2, ...]
 * - array = [[..., weightKey => weight], [..., weightKey2 => weight2], ...]
 *
 * Usage:
 *
 * $arr = ['key1' => 1, 'key2' => 2, 'key3' => 3];
 * weighted_shuffle($arr);
 *
 * On average key3 is gonna be the first 50% of the time
 *
 * @param array         $array Array to shuffle
 * @param string|null   $weight_key Optional weight key if input is array of arrays 
 */
function weighted_shuffle(array &$array, $weight_key = null)
{
    if($weight_key === null) {
        $arr = $array;
    } else {
        $arr = array_combine(array_keys($array), array_column($array, $weight_key));
    }
    $max = 1.0 / getrandmax();
    array_walk($arr, function (&$v, $k) use($max) {
        $v = pow(rand()*$max, 1.0/$v);
    });
    arsort($arr);
    array_walk($arr, function (&$v, $k) use($array) {
       $v = $array[$k];
    });
    $array = $arr;
}

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9403088/weighted-shuffle-of-an-array-or-arrays

标签

php

arrays

random

weighted